| Wuliangsuhai is located in Urad front banner of Bayannuur City,Inner Mongolia.There were many researches on wetland birds in Wuliangsuhai,but a few researches on Passeriformes birds.From January 2016 to November 2017,species composition,seasonal dynamic and community structure of Passeriformes in Wuliangsuhai were investigated by choosing 14 lines among wetland,woodland,grassland,farmland and residential area.The interannual dynamics of species composition and residence types of Passeriformes have been analysed based on previous research data.The main results showed:This survey recorded a total of 40 species of Passeriformes belong to 14 families and 25 genera.Isabelline Wheatear(Oenanthe isabellina)and Desert Finch(Rhodospiza obsoleta)are new record species of Passeriformes in Wuliangsuhai.Passeriformes is composed mainly of Wagtails(Motacillidae),Thrushes(Turdidae),Larks(Alaudidae),Crows(Corvidae)and Buntings(Emberizidae).Among them,17 species are summer visitors,11 species are residents,5 species are winter residents,7 species are passing migrants.Residence type is mainly by summer visitors and resident birds,accounting for 70% of the total records.The Fauna is mainly composed of 32 palaearctic species accounting for 80% of the total species.The distribution type consists of 7 geographical components and Palaearctic types played an important role.8 species are Palaearctic type,6 species are Central-Asian type,5 species are Holarctic type,4 species are Northeast type.There are 28 species of birds belong to the National protection wild animals that are beneficial to the state or have important economic and scientific research value,17 species of birds listed in the China-Japan Protection Agreement and 4 species of birds listed in the China-Macao Protection Agreement.24,22,25 and 20 species were recorded respectively in spring,summer,autumn and winter.The number of species both spring and autumn was 2-5 species more than summer and winter,variety of species in during different seasons.Compared with 1986,1988 added 2 families,6 genera and 16 species,reduced 4 families,9 genera and 16 species.Compared with 1988,1996 added 5 families,11 genera and 28 species,reduced 1 family 1 genus and 6 species.Compared with 1996,2006 added 1 genus and 11 species.Compared with 2006,2011 added 2 genera and 2 species.Compared with 2011,2017 added 1 genus and 4 species,reducing 6 families,17 genera and 46 species.This is mainly related to differences in the investigation methods and declining wilderness habitats of Saline land,shrubs,forests,and grasslands year by year.The residence types of some birds have changed which are mainly related to the warming of the climate.In wetland,woodland,grassland,farmland and residential area respectively recorded 24,25,5,12 and 9 species,accounted for 60%,62.5%,12.5%,30% and 22.5% of the total records.According to the bird species from most to least were: woodland>wetland>farmland>residential area> grassland.The forests and wetlands become the main habitat for Passeriformes birds.The largest average annual Shannon-wiener index was 1.1496 of wetland and the least was 0.7731 of grassland.The largest average annual evenness index was 0.7302 of wetland and the least was 0.6266 of farmland.The average annual dominance index was 0.5399 of grassland and the least was 0.4274 of woodland.In the six wetland habitats,the highest annual average Shannon-wiener index was 1.6537 of Yuchi,the highest annual average evenness index was 0.9369 of Xiaohaizi and the highest average annual dominance index was 0.5978 of Batou-Mengkouzi.In the three forest habitats,the highest average annual Shannon-wiener index was 1.4424 of Shazaolin,the highest annual average evenness index was 0.6687 of Shazaolin and the highest annual average dominance index was 0.5276 of Yangshulin. |
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