Study On Spatiotemporal Distribution And Conservation Management Of Non-Passeriformes In Inner Mongolia Wuliangsuhai

Wuliangsuhai is located in Urad front banner,Bayannuur City,Inner Mongolia.It is the largest lake area in western Inner Mongolia and the second largest freshwater lake in Inner Mongolia.From January 2016 to November 2017,species composition and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of non-Passeriformes were investigated by choosing 13 sample lines and 2 sample sites from five habitat types of wetland,woodland,grassland,farmland and residential area in Wuliangsuhai.This survey recorded a total of 108 species of non-Passeriformes belong to 14 orders,24 families and 60 genera,of which 5 species are newly recorded in Wuliangsuhai.The species composition is dominated by Charadriiformes,followed by Anseriformes,Falconiformes and Ciconiiformes.There are 2 species of national grade I key protected birds and 28 species of national grade II key protected birds,27 species of rare and endangered birds are included in “Red List of China's Vertebrates”,12 species are included in the IUCN Red List,24 species are included in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES).On the residence type,the number of summer residents is the most and the number of winter residents is the least.The fauna composition is dominated by Palaearctic species,followed by widespread species,and the least is Oriental species.According to previous literatures and this survey,a total of 175 species of non-Passeriformes of 17 orders,31 families and 88 genera have been recorded in Wuliangsuhai up to now.The seasonal dynamic analysis shows that the most species distribute in spring and the least in winter.72,57,60 and 18 species are recorded respectively in spring,summer,autumn and winter.On species composition,spring,summer and autumn are dominated by summer residents,with 41,42,and 32 species respectively.In winter,dominant species are winter residents,and with 10 species.In spring,14 species of national key protected birds were recorded,7 in summer,17 in autumn,and 11 in winter.The results of the G-F index calculations of non-Passeriformes in 1986,1996,2007,2011 and 2017 were ranked from 2011> 2007> 1996> 2017> 1986,it is related to the difference in the way the investigations are recorded.Compared with literature data,the results of this survey have added 4 species of national key protected birds and 23 species have been reduced(or not recorded).The residence types of 15 non-Passeriformes have changed.In wetland,woodland,farmland,residential area and grassland,96,13,6,6 and 4 species were recorded respectively.The comparison between the richness index,diversity index,and the number of national key protected birds of non-Passeriformes in 6 sample lines and 2 sample sites in wetland habitat shows that the priority of protection is: Line Batou-Mingkouzi > Line Shierfenchang-Bawan > Line Bawan-Lingyanjing > Line Xiaohaizi > Site Wayaotan > Line Hekou-Yuchang > Site Shajianzi > Line Yuchi.