Research On Evaluating The Performance Of National Special Marine Protected Area Management

Marine resources and environment are the basis of sustainable development of marine economy.In order to develop the coastal society and economy,we must seek a balance between protection and development.Special marine protected area is a kind of marine development mode which takes into account the exploitation and utilization of marine resources and the protection of ecological environment.The number of China’s national special marine protected areas now is 67,and growing rapidly in recent years.It can be said that China has entered a period of rapid development of special marine protected areas.With the development of special marine protected area management,the problems in the management of the marine protected area are becoming increasingly prominent,which seriously affect the further development of special marine protected area.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the performance of special marine protected area management,adjust the management framework in time and improve the management ability so as to achieve the expected management objectives.However,the performance evaluation of special marine protected area management and its related research are still at the exploratory stage,and the institutionalized evaluation mechanisms and methods have not yet been formed.On the basis of systematic research on the management and evaluation of marine protected areas at home and abroad,this paper constructed the management performance evaluation index system and evaluation method of national special marine protected area management.This paper evaluated the first national special marine protected area in China--Ximen Island National Special Marine protected area management performance,analysing the existing problems in the management.Some countermeasures and suggestions had been put forward to promote management performance.The main research contents and achievements are as follows:Based on researching the domestic and foreign marine protected area management evaluation index system,combining with the characteristics of Chinese special marine protected area,referencing IUCN marine protected area performance evaluation guidelines and Chinese marine protected area management quality evaluation method,this paper used the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process to construct the national special marine protected area management performance evaluation index system of four layers.The index system included the target layer,base layer,factor layer and index layer.The base layer consisted of 3 subsystems,which is ecological environment,economic and social,and comprehensive governance.There were 10 indexes in factor level and 19 specific indexes in index layer.According to the relevant literature and expert opinions,the evaluation criteria of each index was determined,and the special marine protected area was divided into four grades:excellent,good,general and bad according to the performance evaluation score.Used the Delphi method and questionnaire method to evaluate the management of Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area in Yueqing.The management performance evaluation result was 73.733,and grade was good.Scores differed by 1.267 points from excellence.Thus it still needed to be improved and optimized to guarantee good and strive for excellence.There were 5 indexes scoring poorly,which was the sea water quality status,the proportion of the third industry,the management satisfaction of local residents,the local residents participating in the management and supervision,the management rules and regulations.According to the evaluation results,analysed the Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area management.The mainly problems included the management model,the third industry development,the sources of funds and the construction of scientific research and monitoring system.According to the specific management problems,based on researches of scholars at home and abroad,this paper put forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions to improve Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area management performance:optimizing the management model of Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area,changing the mode of economic development of Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area,expanding the financing channels of Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area,strengthening the construction of scientific research and monitoring system of Ximen Island National Special Marine Protected Area.