Research On Rare And Endangered Plants And Geographical Distribution Pattern In Qinling Mountain

As a result of the gradual development of society,the continuous retrieval of natural resources,the continuous destruction of the ecological environment,biodiversity is disappearing at an unprecedented rate,a large number of species have been extinct or endangered situation.Rare and endangered plants are an important part of biodiversity diversity and is one of the hot issues of biodiversity conservation.the study of their geographical distribution pattern is of great significance to biodiversity conservation.This article refers to “Chinese Rare and Endangered and Protected plants List”(Volum?)which was published in1987,“Chinese Plants Red List”(1991),“National Key Protected Wild Plants List”(Volume I and Volume II)published in 1999,“Shanxi Local Key Protected Wild Plants List”and “National Rare and Endangered and Protected Plants List of Shanxi Province”,Combined with the collection of data and inspection of specimens,The species composition and characteristics,the diversity of geographical elements and the geographical distribution pattern of rare and endangered plants in the Qinling Mountains were analyzed and studied.And put forward its endangered causes and protection measures,which provided the basis for the protection of rare and endangered plants in Qinling Mountains.The detailed result are as follows:(1)There are 337 plant species belonging to 201 genera and 78 families(variation and subspecies)in the Qinling Mountains,128 species belonging to 49 genera and Orchidaceae,23 gymnosperm species belonging to 15 genera and families and 314 angiosperm species belonging to 186 genera and 70 families.According to plant life-form,they are divided into four types:tree,shrub,vine and herb and 83 species belong to tree and shrub includes 27 species.26 species belong to vine and 199 species belong to herb.(2)The distribution characteristics of the families show that the rare and endangered and protected plants in the Qinling Mountains have both obvious tropical properties and obvious temperate properties.According to the distribution characteristics of the genera,the temperate geographical elements are dominant,which indicates that the rare and endangered and protected plants in Qinling Mountains mountain area have typical temperate character.(3)In the horizontal distribution pattern,the rare and endangered and protected plants are not evenly distributed in Qinling Mountains area,Concentrated in the west of Henan,southwest of Shanxi,Gansu southeastern part of the county(city,district).The high values of rare and endangered and protected plant species were all located at high altitudes,the formation of this horizontal distribution pattern of species is related to complex topography,climate and human activities.(4)In the vertical distribution pattern,the species richness of the rare and endangered and protected plants in Qinling Mountains mountain area increased with the increase of altitude,and then decreased.The vertical distribution pattern of species is related to the water,thermal conditions and the distribution of species reflected by altitude,and the low and middle altitude areas are also related to human disturbance.(5)According to the geographical distribution pattern and endangered reasons of rare and endangered and protected plants in Qinling Mountains,the Countermeasures of protection and utilization were put forward.