Investigation And Evaluation On Rare And Endangered Wild Plants In Laoshan Mountain

Protection, development and rational utilization of rare and endangered wild plants has become one of the core contents of biodiversity conservation. Located in the southeast coast of shandong peninsula, Laoshan mountain, an obvious transitional area between in north and south, is one of the most abundant biodiversity areas in shandong province,. Sample method had been carried on the system to Laoshan investigation, and 15 kinds of rare and endangered wild plants from the natural distribution were found, meanwhile the distribution range and interdependent community, habitat condition and priority protection level, etc were studied, so this paper put forward the protection countermeasures and priority protection regional, this survey could protect the rare and endangered wild plants better and provide the basic data. The investigations of the main results were as follows:1. According to the results of the survey analysis,the natural distribution of 15 kinds of rare and endangered wild plants in Laoshan mountain belonged to 13 families14 generas; Rhododendron mucronulatum, Lilium tsingtauense, Kalopanax septemlobus, and Vaccinium oldhamii had the large number, as common species, accounting for 26.67% of the total species; Pyrus hopeiensis, the number of resources Pyrus trilocularis, Meliosma myriantha, Machilus thunbergii, Camellia japonica, Glehnia littoralis and Vitex rotundifolia was in minimum, as a rare species, accounting for 46.67% of the total species; The rest were the common species; Total quantity was not much. Vertical distribution of species, low altitude(≤500m): Juglans mandshurica, Machilus thunbergii, Camellia japonica, Meliosma myriantha, Symplocos chinensis, Glehnia littoralis, Vitex rotundifolia,accounting for 46.67% of the total species; High altitude(≥900m):Pyrus hopeiensis; Medium altitude of Pyrus trilocularis; The remaining species were distribution in medium and high altitude overall across the altitude interval 650 m or more; Uneven distribution of species across the elevation range was larger.From natural regeneration, Tilia amurensis, Kalopanax septemlobus, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Meliosma myriantha and Vaccinium oldhamii were good, accounting for 33.33% of the total species, especially Kalopanax septemlobus; Juglans mandshurica, Symplocos chinensis and Deutzia glabrata were general; Pyrus hopeiensis, Machilus thunbergii, Pyrus trilocularis and Camellia japonica were worst in nature regeneration, accounting for 26.67% of the total species; Species dependent for coniferous forest community types:Pyrus hopeiensis, Kalopanax septemlobus, Machilus thunbergii, and Pyrus trilocularis, Vaccinium oldhamii, accounting for 33.33% of the total species; Coniferous forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest and scrub all had distribution: Juglans mandshurica, Tilia amurensis, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Deutzia glabrata, Symplocos chinensis,and Lilium tsingtauense, accounting for 40% of the total species; Only deciduous broad-leaved forest was Meliosma myriantha; Camellia japonica, Glehnia littoralis and Vitex rotundifolia, mainly in its own way for a group of species was relatively single. In addition, the species habitat environment were mostly located in the slope, with obvious characteristics; The interference intensity from human disturbance mainly for tourism was of medium; The difference of degree of protection was very big.2.Using phytocoenology method, the laoshan mountain Rhododendron mucronulatum and Symplocos chinensis community composition and structure had been carried on the investigation and study. The results showed that Rhododendron mucronulatum, Symplocos chinensis community species composition was relatively rich, common species with the abundance of obvious advantages, the less rare species of community distribution was more mean, In the two species of community species Raunkiaer frequency level distribution was consistent with the laws of Raunkiaer frequency in general; Level of vertical structure could be divided into tree layers, shrub layer and herb layer and interlayer plants; Important value greater than the sum of 1.0 species of important value of all kinds of important values were 87.05% and 87.05% respectively, these represented that the laoshan mountain met the main characteristics of Rhododendron mucronulatum and Symplocos chinensis community basicly.3. According to field investigation data, six indicators were comprehensively used including endangered coefficient, the genetic coefficient of value coefficient, value coefficient and protection status, breeding difficulty coefficient and the coefficient of status list to give the corresponding weights respectively for priority conservation value and method in Laoshan mountain nature reserve, and 15 kinds of rare and endangered wild plants priority protection order was conducted in a quantitative research. The results showed that the first grade of protection, Pyrus trilocularis, Machilus thunbergii,Pyrus hopeiensis amount to three; Secondary protection included Meliosma myriantha,Vaccinium oldhamii, Symplocos chinensis, Glehnia littoralis, Rhododendron mucronulatum totally five; The third level contained Lilium tsingtauense,Deutzia glabrata, Tilia amurensis, Camellia japonica, Vitex rotundifolia, Juglans mandshurica, Kalopanax septemlobus, 7 kinds of the total.Studies above showed that there were less numbers of rare and endangered wild plants as a whole in Laoshan, because of Laoshan tourism development, ecological environment was gradually destroyed, so we had to implement corresponding protection countermeasures as soon as possible, and gave priority to protect endangered degrees of Laoshan with serious, high priority protection levesl, such as Pyrus trilocularis,Machilus thunbergii,Pyrus hopeiensis, and the above three kinds of plants were in single distribution location and could be considered to build situ conservation points in situ protection. The paper also focused on strengthening ecology and scientific research on reproductive biology to provide basic data. The rest of the tree species according to their specific resources and habitat conditions need formulate the corresponding protection strategies and draw priority protection areas in order to protect the Laoshan biodiversity to maintain the diversity of genetic structure.