Research On Annual Dynamics Of Species Composition And Community Structure Of Birds In Dalinuoer National Nature Reserve

Dalinuoer lake is an important wetland in the arid areas of northern China.It is an important breeding site and transfer station of a large number of water birds in central and western China.The bird surveys were carried out with the methods of fixed sample plots and line transects in the Dalinuoer Nature Reserve from April to October in 2016.The bird community structure and its seasonal dynamic change in 6 typical habitats were investigated.The annual changes of species composition were analyzed,according to the years of survey data survey data.The results are as following:During the investigation,120 bird species,belong to 30 families and 15 orders,were recorded.Among which 15 species were resident,115 migrant.20 species were national protected,of witch 3 species were national first-grade protection bird,17 species were national second-grade protection bird.The bird community was mainly composed by non-passerine birds,contained 88 species,belong to 23 families and 14 orders.Northern type took a large proportion in the breeding birds,and the avifauna had obvious transitional characteristics.Estuary wetland was rich in food resources and used as efficient foraging sites by various Grallatoresa and Natatores.There were many kinds of birds in the spring,summer and autumn,especially in the autumn.After the arrival of a large number of migratory geese and ducks from their breeding sites,the population in the estuary wetland was obviously higher than other habitats.In autumn,the species number was the lowest,but the density was the highest.In spring,the density was lowest,the species number was highest.The most species-rich families was Charadriiformes,with 33 species,followed by Anseriformes,with 22 species.The migratory activities of Charadriiformes and Anseriformes had the great impact on the changes of the bird community in the Dalinuoer national nature reserve.During the investigation from 1983 to 1985,107 bird species,belong to 32 families and 15 orders,were recorded.From 1999 to 2001,78 bird species,belong to 30 families and 12 orders,were recorded.From 2012 to 2016,193 bird species,belong to 40 families and 17 orders,were recorded.The Birds of Dalinuoer,published in 2013,recorded 296 bird species,belong to 48 families and 18 orders.The floristic elements composition of breeding birds in Dalinuoer changed significantly in the past 30 years,highland type and monsoon district type species had spread to Dalinuoer,South-China type and Hengduan-Ximalaya Mountains was found simultaneously.Over the past 30 years,the species composition of Anseriformes birds in Dalinuoer National Nature Reserve had been stable,and the species of Charadriiformes has increased in relation to the increase of the shallow water marsh area,and the decline of the lake area.This was the response of birds to habitat changes in Dalinuoer national nature reserve.