Research On The Terminology In The Birds And Finch Part Of “Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian”

"Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian"(1795)is a classification dictionary that referred and written in five languages(Manchu,Tibetan,Mongolian,Uighur,Chinese)during the time of Qing Dynasty,Qianlong emperor.Its content involves 36 parts,318 categories,627 classes and 18671 entries of language,literature,history,race,geography,agriculture,animal husbandry,plant and other social and natural science.Reflecting the political,economic and cultural relationships between the five ethnic groups in China during the Qing Dynasty and has important historical and cultural value.From the perspective of zoology and animal science history,the study of the birds parts terminology of this dictionary is not only to expand the scope of research in different disciplines,but also to show its scientific and application value.In-depth study of the birds terminology in this dictionary from the perspective of classification,distribution,morphology,behavior,resources and other disciplines will not only help understand the observation and protection of the birds at that period,but also to reuse correct and reasonable birds Mongolian terminology and further standardize and improve its significance.This article uses the research methods such as literature research,textual research,comparative research,explanation method and key person interview method,and makes textual research and brief explanation to the birds terminology of "Wu Ti Qing Wen Jian".There are in total 1 part,6 categories,34 classes,839 entries birds terminology in this dictionary,and its entries arrive at 38.67% of all animal terminology(5 parts,31 categories,81 classes,2170 entries).There are 220 entries of birds and 140 entries of finch of the first part,254 entries of birds and 137 entries of finch of the supplement part of the book,totally 751 entries of birds terminology are proved in this article.The results are as follows: 2 entries correspond to the order of modern taxonomy,5 entries correspond to the family,56 entries correspond to the genus,631 entries correspond to 251 species of bird?s name.This 251 species belonged to 22 orders,68 families,149 genera of modern Ratitae and Carinatae.In addition,there appear 23 entries abstract birds name,and there are 34 entries birds name failed to prove.This article also explains 41 entries about the limbs of birds,47 entries about the action of birds,totally 88 entries of terminology about morphology and behavior of birds are explained.Through the research,the birds in the birds and finch part refers to the modern non-passeriformes,the finch refers to the modern passeriformes.Bird name was divided into two categories of birds and finch at that time,and the sequence was birds first and finch after,it?s conform to the modern bird classification system and the sequencing.But there is certain difference: the birds name sequencing among the entries and inside the entries are different from sequencing of modern bird classification system.The bird names of the supplement part have mostly supplemented the other names of the birds of first part.Most morphological terminologies are about the external form structure such as feather and joint,there are less terminologies about internal structure of birds.The behavior terminology of birds includes flight,foraging,migration etc.But there are lack of certain regularity of the sequencing.The number of bird names in this dictionary is numerous and accurate,and most of the morphological and behavioral terms are vivid,which can be used for reference in the future teaching and research.At the same time,It can be seen from that the diversity of Mongolian bird naming methods and the richness of Mongolian vocabulary,Mongolian people's bird observing,the correct understanding and rational utilization of them and long-term in harmony with nature from ancient times.