Optimization Of Agricultural Extension Pattern

Agricultural extenstion(AE) is the key measure to transform agricultural technology to practice. In order to effectively solve “the last kilometer” of AE, many agricultural universities make great efforts to explore the AE service. These universities formed their specific AE services(university AE services, UAES). The Northwest A&F University(NAFU), one of the pioneers, firstly builded its UAES with the pattern of “univeristy + experimental station + model household + farmer”. This paper reviewed those AE staffs who work at experimental stations of NAFU, and investigated the results. Through reading related references, the author introduced the excellent example UAES of U.S., as well as the background, advantage, status, typical pattern and results of Chinese agricultural universities. Based on these introduction, the problems of Chinese UAES was carefully analyzed, and the corresponding suggestions were proposed.This thesis included eight chapters. Chapter one mainly introduced the background of this investigation, as well as its aim and significance. The trends in the world, idea, approaches and innovation were also summarized. Chapter two illustrated the basic thoery of UAES. Two common theory, the Innovation Diffussion and Behavior Change, were illustrated for their development. Both characteristics and factors of the innovation diffustion theory of UAES was carefully introduced. Chapter three introduced the UAES of U.S., including its origin, organization, assignment of responsibility, funding and results, from which valuable relevation was proposed for the Chinese UAES. Chapter four introduced the Chinese UAES, including background, advantage, status, typical example and results. Chapter five analyzed the problems that exist in Chinese UAES. Chapter six introduced the NAFU UAES,including status and results,as well as the update Chain of Three Stations for the NAFU UAES.Chapter seven provided the proposals to improve the Chinese UAES. Chapter eight provided the conclusions.In a word, the UAES gradually exhibits its advantage in Chinese AE service. The typical example of NAFU plays important roles in increasing farmers’ income, agricultural efficiency and realizing the rapid transformation of creation in the past ten years through building experimental stations. If the university hopes to increase UAES, improving its internal management to organize a highly efficient extension team is needed. It is significant for UAES to introduce social capital, and to culture agricultural human capital. The UAES need to play roles in adjusting regional resouces of science and technology, through cooperating with local governments, institutes, and companies. The updated version of NWFU UAES, Chain of Three Stations, may get better results based on the core NWFU UAES and relied on the Shaanxi Agricultural Union of Cooperation, Creation and Extension.