Research On The Evaluation Of The Development Efficiency Of The Family Farm In The Main Grain Producing Areas In Northeast China

The northeast area of China is the largest corn, high-quality rice and soybean producing area; it includes 209 counties(cities, districts) in Heilongjiang province, Jilin province, Liaoning province and Inner Mongolia provinces. The cultivated land area of about 340 million mu, accounting for 18.5% of the country; the grain sown area of about 260 million mu, total output of about 87 billion kilograms, accounting for 16.4% and 17.6% respectively. It will contribute to food security and increase farmers’ income to do research on the development of family farms in Northeast China.As an important new agricultural business entities, the family farm is adhered to the family as a unit of production and operation characteristics, but also to the scale of operation to promote farmers’ income is fit and conform to the requirements of the development of Chin a’s modern agriculture management form. Compared to other new agricultural business entities, the family farm has a unique advantage, has been developing rapidly across the country in china. At the same time, we should find that there are more problems in the process of cultivating the national family farm. Based on the realistic background, this paper selects the family farm in the main grain producing area of Northeast China as the research object, and discusses the development efficiency and its influencing factors of the family farm.First of all, the article reviews and draws lessons from the theory of household contract responsibility system, institutional change theory, and efficiency theory, farmer’s behavior theory, based on the research of domestic and foreign research on family farm management efficiency. It defines the basic concepts of family farms, family farm development efficiency. This paper describes the development status and existing problems of the family farm in the main grain producing areas in the northeast of China. Then it explores the family farm development efficiency of the calculation method, and separately on the 89 northeast grain producing areas of the plant family farm technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the calculation and analysis. On the basis of this, the Tobit model of the influencing factors of the development efficiency of the family farm in the main grain producing areas in the northeast of China was established. By regression analysis, the significant factors affecting the development efficiency of the family farm were obtained. Combined with the two typical cases, it further verifies the analysis of the factors affecting the development of family farms. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward based on the conclusions of the study.Conclusions of the study: the major grain producing area of northeast, reaching optimal scale of efficiency of family farms accounted for relatively low; most of the family farm in business returns to scale recursive or decline stage, the management state of different scale showing a differentiated characteristics; major grain producing area of northeast family farm in labor and capital inputs much redundancy, in land investment redundancy is relatively small; area of land management and labor input, production costs, family farmers whether received management training and family farm, whether to participate in agricultural insurance and other five explanatory variables on the family farm development efficiency has a more significant impact.Based on the above conclusions proposed corresponding coun termeasures and suggestions: the effective transfer within the family farm surplus labors in the family; to improve the land transfer system, optimize the land utilization; to promote intensive management, optimize the allocation of factors of production; pay attention to family farm business entities of agricultural education, agricultural talents cultivation; research and developme nt portfolio insurance for family farms, providing a full range of security risks; the full establishment and improve the long-term mechanism of northeast grain producing areas of famil y farm development efficiency.