| Under the trend of urbanization, farmers gradually transform into citizens. Rural homestead exit has been a realistic subject in our regional economic development. Homestead exit is a system that the farmers who have transformed into citizens transfer their idle land to the others and meantime gain peer to peer compensation. Building reasonable homestead exit mechanism is an important part of the new type of urbanization, which can be useful to land intensive utilization, living standards improvement, and urbanization of farmers.This article focuses on three aspects. Firstly, the paper analyzes the trend of homestead property rights system reform. There are three forms about land property rights, state-owned, private, and collective ownership. Among them, collective ownership has the highest efficiency. But it also has such characters as restricting flow, free use indefinitely and etc, leading to some problems such as hollow village, small property right house and so on. According to the function(political stability, living guarantee, property) of homestead, we think the feasible ownership structure is collective ownership, farmers use, national regulation, revenue sharing, and giving farmers rights of transfer. The trend of homestead rights institutional reform is to realize free trade legally. Secondly, this paper comparatively analyzes three typical cases about homestead exit in Zhejiang province. Through comparative study of homestead exit in Jiaxing, Wenzhou and Ningbo, we find that it can really promote the intensive utilization of land, improve the farmers’ living standard, but not really realize urbanization. And the farmers’ willingness are different, those government leading modes can not fit for all kinds of willingness, leading to bad influence on exit process. Therefore, free trade is not feasible at present. But it conforms to the actual to reform towards market-oriented direction.In this paper, the main conclusion is that, the optimal property right structure should be collective ownership, farmers use, government regulation, revenue sharing, giving farmers certain rights of transfer. And the homestead exit path should be market-oriented. First this paper reviews the study of scholars at home and abroad, proposed the lack of homestead exit mechanism. Then discuss the fittest property structure, and build a feasible path about homestead property rights system reform. And then verify and correct it through comparatively analyzing three typical cases. Finally give a conclusion and put forward some Suggestions. That’s the logic of this paper.At present, homestead exit practices mainly occur in developed areas or urban fringe area, which the relative price is high enough to promote the homestead exit. But these government leading modes are not perfect, they cannot cover all willingness of farmers, cause all kinds of problems in the concrete operation process. Therefore, how to improve the homestead exit system is a content that scholars must study. |
