| With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization process, a largenumber of rural collective lands have been expropriated. Farmers lost the lands whichgenerations’ survival and development depended on. Since our current land-usesystem has many defects: the status of economic and social dual structure, theincomplete relevant laws and regulations, the administration’ non-standard operationand so on, after many farmers lost their lands, their rights are being infringed and theyare faced with a series of social security issues, like living, employment, pension andhealth care. How to solve the problem of peasantry who lose the land properly,especially their social security issues which ensure them enjoying the same socialsecurity rights to urban residents and sharing the fruits of urbanization, is a hot topicof our country now. It also relates to whether we can accelerate the progress ofindustrialization and urbanization smoothly, promote our society justice and build aharmonious society.This paper starts with defining the concepts of urbanization, land-loss peasantsand social security and analyzing their characteristics, then makes a simple definitionto the social security of land-loss peasants, analyzes the related theories and theprinciples and necessity of establishing the social security system of land-losspeasants. This paper takes Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Area as example and analyzes the population structure of land-loss peasants, the currentsituation and contents of the social security of land-loss peasants and the experiencethe government has got in carrying the relevant work out in this area. According to theresult of fieldwork, this paper affirms the government’s achievements and concludesthe exited problems. In Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Area,the reimbursement ratio of medical insurance is lower than peasants expectes, and thescope of medical insurance reimbursement is not clear to peasants, so peasants don’tknow how many compensations they can obtain from the medical insurance. In termsof pension insurance, town workers’ basic endowment insurance and "double low"primary endowment insurance exists in parallel. How to transform them into a unifiedsecurity system will be a problem in the design of a new system in the future. Someland-loss peasants have no passion in getting a job, while others want to get a jobbeyond their capacities. After analyzing the causes of problems, this paper makessome suggestions of improving the social security system of land-loss peasantsaccording to the reality of this area by using the experience of other countries forreference. The suggestions includes completing external and internal regulations,makes the social security system of land-loss peasants more perfect by taking pensioninsurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, minimum living security,legal aid, employment services into the system. |
