Research On Impact Of Rural Education To Labor Transfer Of China

Since China’s reform and opening up, the national economy has gone through about 30 years’ sustained growth, which quickly makes China stepped into the world economic power center and it also reveals the great result of China’s urbanization, industrialization and modernization. However, with the rapid development of economy, China also faces a series of problems at the same time. For example, in the process of a large-scale transfer of rural surplus labor to non-agricultural industries,on one hand, the educational level of rural labor force in China is generally low, and on the other hand, the production skills are also relatively outdated, which forms a big gap in modernization development of the rural and urban areas and extremely restricts the speed of China’s rural labor transfer.Education can improve the quality of the labor force to promote the labor transfer.The basic structure of the thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is the theory basis, which would discuss the relationship between education and rural labor transfer by scholars at home and abroad firstly, and then analyze how rural education influences the agricultural labor force transfer. The second part is our country’s rural education of empirical research to the rural labor transfer. From some indicators, such as the education level of rural labors, the amount of country students as well as the budget of every person in having education, to analyze the situation of country education. Moreover, the scale of rural labor transfer, transfer area and industry characteristics would be used to discuss about the present situation of rural labor transfer. Last but not least, the national statistical yearbook 1985-2012 time series data would be adopted to prove the relationship between the average education years in rural areas and non-agricultural transfer rate. The third part is the analysis of the main problems of rural education in China at present as well as to the reasons behind the problems. The fourth part is on the basis of the above research, this paper expounds what kind of measures and suggestions that rural education could take to promote agricultural labor transfer.In the analysis of the impact of rural education to rural labor transfer, the rural human capital accumulation is an extremely important link. On the one hand, the accumulation of rural human capital would be affected by the investment in rural education; while on the other hand, the rural surplus labor transfer would be influenced by the rural human capital accumulation. Furthermore, rural surplus labor transfer would affect the development of national economy, while the investment in education has close relationship with the development of economy, so it finally forms a closed loop system.Human capital theory reveals that education is the main way of human capital’s formation because it plays an important role in the accumulation of human capital. First of all, the rural education is the basic way to realize the rural human capital accumulation. Second, the quality of the rural human capital would be affected by the rural education. Last but not least, the rural education investment structure would affect the structure of the rural human capital. The influence that rural human capital accumulation makes to the agricultural labor transfer mainly focus on how to increase the income of the agricultural labor force transfer and how to reduce the cost of transfer. The transfer of net income decides whether the agricultural labor would have a non-agricultural city transfer or not.In econometric analysis, the average educational year of rural labor force and the proportion of the amount of non-agricultural labor and the amount of agricultural labor would be selected to analyze how rural education influence labor transfer. The result shows that the average educational year of rural labor force and the transfer of rural non-agricultural labor rate have positive correlation. Moreover, the average educational year increases by every 1%, the non-agricultural labor transfer rate would be increased by 2.64%. Therefore, the development of rural education and the improvement of the education level of rural labor force could promote the transfer of rural labor force.Although our country has made great development in rural education, which makes rural education level get general improvement, there are many deep-seated problems still existed in China’s rural education. Those factors which affect the orderly development of rural education in China are various. The first one is that rural basic education development lags behind and the second one is that the lack of the rural education funds investment and the last factor is a serious shortage of rural vocational education. At present, the reasons of these problems behind in rural education mainly includes four parts: the low income of the peasants, the weak concern of rural education investment, and the low education investment yield of local government in the rural areas as well as the structure of the urban and rural education.Thus, there are five points which can greatly promote rural education and realize the improvement of comprehensive qualities of rural labors and even achieve the orderly transfer of rural labors. Firstly, increasing the income of rural residents to improve the rural education investment ability; Secondly, change the inherent ideas and establish new education concepts; Thirdly, make an overall plan to increase the yield of local government investment in rural education; Fourthly, reform the dual economy system in order to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas; Finally, strengthen rural vocational education, and take some measures to help rural labors to get employed.