The Mechanism And Empirical Research On The Affection Of Human Capital Investment In Rural Household To Rural Urban Labor Transfer

As the most populous developing country in the world,China's per capita arable land area is only 0.1 hectares,less than half the world average,in such a country with so many people,urbanization and industrialization will inevitably promote the transfer of surplus rural labor to cities and non-agricultural industries,there emergence a special group "migrant workers" in the process of China's large scale rural urban labor transfer.Under the macro background of Chinese economy development for the benefit of all,how to make migrant workers citizenization is the key to the quality of urbanization and the transformation of economic structure.However,the overall quality and the content of human capital of rural migrants are low,although rural migrant workers achieved regional transfer and career conversion,but lack of employability lead them can not take root in the city settled,this not only affects the migration of their own employment stability and living standard but also affect the quality of urbanization.The rural human capital investment can effectively promote the accumulation of human capital,also improve the comprehensive quality and employment ability of the labor force,and further accelerate the transfer of rural labor force integrate into city,then gradually realize citizenship.Based on the above realistic background,this paper from the perspective of human capital investment,take related research at home and abroad as staring point,through combing and summarizing the existing research theories and achievements to discuss the influence of rural human capital investment on the transfer of rural labor force.This paper is based on the theory of human capital investment,population mobility and labor migration,defines the concepts of human capital,human capital investment and rural urban labor transfer,meanwhile systematically investigated the current situation,regional differences and structural differences of human capital investment,and combined with the specific characteristics of China's labor transfer tocard the historical stage of the rural urban labor transfer.Then analyzed the factors affecting the transfer of rural labor force from the perspective of decision making of labor transfer,and introduced human capital investment function into Todaro urban and rural population migration model to constructing a unified framework for mathematical analysis and dynamic equilibrium analysis,revealed the influence mechanism of human capital investment on the rural urban labor transfer,further explored the theoretical mechanism of farmers' health investment,education investment and migration investment to rural urban labor transfer.Based on this,use Stata software and based on provincial panel data of China from 1997 to 2013 to empirical test the mechanism of rural health investment,education investment and migration investment on the transfer of rural labor force from the overall and regional level.At last combined with the conclusions put forward policy recommendations from the perspective of human capital investment to promote the transfer of rural labor force sustainable and stable.Through the theoretical analysis and empirical test,the research shows that:(1)Farmers' human capital investment,health investment,education investment,migration investment have been greatly improved,but the investment structure has changed greatly,the proportion of investment in education has gradually decreased,however the proportion of investment in migration has gradually increased,and no significant changes in the proportion of health investment.(2)Farmers' human capital investment,health investment,education investment,migration investment are all the key factors affecting the transfer of rural labor force,there is a long-term equilibrium relationship in the case of controlling other variables.(3)At the national level,all kinds of farmers' human capital investment significantly promote the transfer of rural labor force.At the regional level,farmers' human capital investment,health investment,education investment,migration investment have significant regional differences in the impact of rural labor transfer,this influence shows the trend of decreasing gradually from the east to the west,and to the western region,this effect becomes negative.On the investment structure,the most significant impact on the transfer of rural labor force is education investment,and there are regional differences in the effects of health investment and migration investment,the impact of migration investment is minimum in eastern and central regions,but the impact of health investment is minimum in western region.(4)The transfer of rural labor force has a significant path dependence,due to the influence of information transmission,transferof rural labor force in the previous period has a significant positive effect on the current period,this feature has been confirmed in both the national and regional samples.Based on the above conclusions and combined with the purpose of this study,put forward the following policy recommendations:(1)Strengthen the development of rural education,expanding the fixed number of years of compulsory education,improve the education level of farmers,and further promote educational equity,optimize the allocation of educational resources,promote the accumulation of rural labor's education human capital.(2)Improve and perfect public health investment policy,strengthen public health investment in rural areas,pay attention to the development of rural medical and health care,alleviate the burden of farmers in health care,actively promote the accumulation of farmers 'healthy human capital,to protect farmers' non-agricultural employment and urban migration.(3)Strengthen the construction of infrastructure in rural areas,such as transportation and communication,establish rural-urban integration labor market demand information service system,to ensure the free flow of labor,and reduce the potential risks in the process of labor transfer.Encourage and guide farmers to invest in migration effectively,especially in the western region,and then guide labor transfer to cities in a reasonable and orderly way.(4)Further deepen the reform of the household registration system,break the barriers between urban and rural areas,improve the living conditions of migrant labors in cities,make full use of the path dependence characteristics of rural labor transfer to deliver good news to the potential migrants in rural areas,enhance transfers' willingness of rural labor.