Suitability Evaluation And Zonaling Control Of Rural Residential Land Based On GIS

The construction of new rural area is the main melody of changing times. The influence of anthropogenic perturbations on rural residential land form will become more intense. If the external system design without the guidance of the internal evolution law, then the efficiency of the system could not be guaranteed, which may lead development to blindness and disorder. To understand and master the rural residential land morphology in rapid transition reality of temporal backgroudings will be of great theoretical and practical significance for current China to develop practical rural residential land policy.Based on the definition of the category, this paper integrates land useing condition, statistical data and field survey of farmer in many aspects such as data, using GIS spatial analysis, mathematical statistics, SPSS cluster analysis and other research methods, focusing on the discussion of the suitability of residential land in new era, and constructing a system of influencing factor to evaluate the rural residential land use layout by accelerating the building of new countryside rural living people actuality, landscape and multi-angle, multi-level investigation and then based on the evaluation results of rural settlements conduct ing land zoning control, suming up its regional characteristics and regulation mode and the scientific land use change direction to discuss our conscious active control mechanism and strategies and measures, which is taken as the scientific theoretical basis and practice guidance for construction of socialistic new rural area, making contemporary rural a community of order, efficience, continuousness, harmony. The town of Xingyi is the Yangtze River Three Gorges resettlement area, and is the focus of Fengdu county development along the Yangtze River area,The main conclusions:(1) The residential layout is unreasonable.①From the present data structure table, it can be seen that residential settlements accounts for 92% of the construction land, which is too large.②There is no significant relation between the residential patches area and quantity in villages domain,and the similar degree is very low.③The residential patches is featured by small scale but large number. The average rural resident plaque area is 0.19 hm2, the rural residential area which less than or equal to 0.19 hm2 accounts for 32.89% that of the total area; the quantity residential patches which less than or equal to 0.19 hm2 accounts for 70.49% that of the total number.④The rural settlements are scattered, with little patch of more than 3 hm2.(2) To determine the weight through the analytic hierarchy process,①in the four major criteria:natural conditions> location>soci-economic conditions> competent factors, which indicates that natural and geographical conditions and location are the most important factors for farmers to concern.②In the nine index levels, elevation, road access, geological disasters and the farmers’wishes are more than 1, stating that in hilly areas travel convenience and safety become the preferred factors.(3) By the spatial analysis function of GIS, Xingyi town achieves the qualitative and quantitative research of rural residential land and elevation, slope, geological disasters, science and education, water, traffic and urban, as the results show:①rural residential land mostly in the area where quantitative score is high and its average patch > 0.19 hm2.②The farmers keep pace with the times, focusing not only on the location of a certain area, but integrated elements.(4) Nine indicators of rural residential land use suitability indicator system are selected out of the natural conditions, social economic conditions, geographical conditions and competent factors to conduct a comprehensive suitability evaluation of the rural residential land in quantitative analysis of single factor and multiple factors, which indicates that the layout of Xingyi rural residential land restricted by the region is more apparent, with a comprehensive sutability degree of 0-45.520(5) Through cluster analysis, rural residential land of Xingyi town can be divided into four types:moderate potential area, key development zones, expansion-restricted and prior improvement zones, the square of respective rural residential area being: 113.30 hm2,188.59 hm2,104.01 hm2,41.72 hm2.①According to the maximum and minimum values of order:moderate potential area> key development zones> expansion-restricted zone> prior improvement zone.②According to the average value (0.19 hm2), moderate potential area and expansion-restricted zone average value> 0.19 hm2, and the average value of prior improvement area< 0.19 hm2.③According to the smaller of the standard deviation, the more reasonable it is, and the better renovation:moderate potential area<key development area<expansion-restricted zone <prior improvement zone. The results show that reasonable zoning is suitable for the present and future of Xingyi town.(6) To conduct the model and the direction of regulation on the basis of division. Moderate potential area respond to the Old Homestead reclamation improvement and transformation, restricting the increment of land size, encouraging farmers to conduct circulating exploitation in the old cartilage for resource, farming and construction land partition to delineate the reserve zone. Key development zones should be accordance with the principle of proximity to optimize:distributions of cultivated lands in residential land reclaim to be arable lands and those of woodlands in residential land reclaim to be forest lands. Take Baojiasi village as an example, delineating each village a central village and basiclevel villages. The expansion-restrictied zone of construction land area is to maintain the status quo to be along with the development of the history and nature. Prior improvement zone is the region that can maintain the status quo, but the government should adopt a loose policy and restrict development measures. Taking the third commune of Baijia ditchas an example, there are 54 settlements, the area achieves 10.48 hm2,22 Map> 0.19 hm2,32 patch area< average patch area, figure spot area being relatively small and improvement zone requiring slow remediation ranging from a smaller figure spot area than the average patch area to a greater one.