| On June 6th,2007, the City of Chongqing was approved as a testing area of the comprehensive urban and rural coordinated reforms by the State Council. It's put forward in Chongqing's Overall Pilot Scheme of Comprehensive Urban and Rural coordinated Reforms that the emphases are placed on such relevant pilot reforms as the promotion of the rural intensive farming, the establishment of rural land circulation, the new mechanism of land requisition and compensation, etc. Of those reforms,the rural land circulation, which serves as a main way of adjusting agricultural structures and increasing farmers'income, will become a highlight of balancing urban and rural development.At present, the new rural construction is being steadily carried on in Chongqing as well as the whole country. The rural residential areas has been widely readjusted, which is a major measure of ascending the new rural villages'leading roles and serving functions, promoting intensive land utilization, protecting suburban ecological environment and improving the quality of rural residential environment. It seems particularly important how to pre-evaluate the present rural residential reorganization technologically to reach the goals of the advantageous production, convenient life, residential centralization, optimal land utilization, less use of cultivated land and the natural and ecological environment's protection. At the same time, the rural residential consolidation is a comprehensive systematic program about the comprehensive rural renovation and development, involving land, water, roads, forests and villages. The on-going rural land circulation has higher demands for the rural residential consolidation. Therefore, it is very important to introduce the comprehensive suitability evaluation system of land utilization, which can reflect the present situation of the rural land circulation and is corresponding to the circulation, into the rural residential consolidation. The article takes the land utilization scheme of the four villages of Douti, Jizhen, Hemu and Jintang in Jingguan Town of Bebei District in Chongqing as examples. It comprehensively evaluates the conditions of the rural residential construction by GIS. It refers to some maps including land use status charts, topographic maps and regional distribution of geological hazards and some materials about the population and social economy. During the study, the indicator approach is adopted to pre-evaluate the comprehensive land suitability before the consolidation. First, do a questionnaire survey about the factors influencing the present rural residential situation and then choose a series of indicators reflecting the comprehensive land suitability to show the status and trend of the evaluated objects. At last, give each index corresponding points and weight coefficient by mutual correction of Delphi and the technique of arranging indicators in comparison. The evaluation scores of comprehensive land suitability are obtained by the evaluation of single fact and the comprehensive superposition of many factors. The scores are divided into five grades by Hierarchical Clustering, providing reference for the present rural residential consolidation. Of course, the choice by the indicator approach is liable to be affected by evaluators (experts) subjectively, resulting in different evaluation results about the same object by different evaluators. In order to solve this problem, the factors are analyzed and evaluated comprehensively by AHP and the weight distribution is checked consistently to make the calculation more close to the objective analysis requirements by using the quantitative method.Divide the scores from the calculation of the integrated land suitability assessment and get the five evaluation results of the present residential construction conditions:Very Good, Good, General, Bad and Very Bad. At the same time it can be analyzed that each evaluating factor has different degrees of influence on different evaluating results. For example, the constructing conditions of the areas with the evaluation results of "not suitable"and "very unsuitable", are evaluated as "bad" and "very bad". The main influential factors in different evaluating units are very sensitive because of the ecological sensitivity. Perfect or local drinking water pipes networks are not compared, and the bad stability is different. On this basis, guide the future rural residential consolidation in the researched areas and get the consolidation directions of the present rural residential areas with different types of construction conditions while the consolidation is being carried out. The evaluation results can be divided into three types:expansion, housing renovation in the original size and gradual house moving. The region in the research is located in an agricultural garden with a higher degree of land circulation and so the evaluating factors used in the index system can reflect the major problems about the influence of the land circulation on the driving force of the residential consolidation and on the comprehensive land suitability, and so they are representative. During the research, according to the principle of promoting the intensive utilization of rural constructing land and the rural land circulation what can be fixed can be fixed, what can be moved be moved and what can be built can be built. Allowing for the demands of the four villages'natural geographical conditions and economic development, "with the idea of that concentrating residential areas is primary and that scattered housing is secondary and that there is appropriate concentration in the scattered housing.The author studies the scheme on village land utilization and comprehensively evaluates the suitability where the rural residential areas will be adjusted in order to establish an operable and comprehensive evaluating method of the rural residential consolidation, which is used as a premise of making decisions scientifically and consolidating rural residential areas. |
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