| Objective:This paper analyzes the general situation and cooperation of the SCI papers, CSCD papers and authorized invention patents of Chinese academicians, explores the level of main scientific and technological achievements and scientific cooperation rules and provides a reference for technology innovation management decision.Subjects:The scientific papers(SCI and CSCD papers) and authorized invention patents of Chinese academicians were chosen for this study.Date:The original datas of personal information, scientific papers and patents were collected with the help of National Science Library, Chinese academy of sciences, and taiyuan agency, The State Intellectual Property Office of P.R.C from the following sources:1.the relevant authority sites, books, periodicals and other publications;2.Web of Science Database(SCI);3.Chinese Science Citation Database(CSCD);4.Shanghai Intellectual Property Information Platform Database.Methods:1.Literature research: including books, papers and networks.2.Scientometric analysis: scientometric indexes were used to analyze the scientific papers and patents of the academician.3.Computer language: python programming was used to complete the conversion from original data to the network file needed in Pajek and the calculation of basic statistical indicators.4.Social network analysis: using Pajek to generate co-occurrence file. Then adopting Gephi to construct their networks and to calculate related indexes.Results:1.The scientometric indexes analysis of the scientific papers of the Chinese academicians(1)From 1961 to 2014, 99 biomedical academicians of Chinese academy of sciences published 11338 SCI papers, 3792 papers before election, per capita was 38.30, annual per capita was 2.36, 7989 papers after election, per capita was 80.70, annual per capita was8.40. From 1975 to 2014, 112 biomedical academicians of Chinese academy of engineering published 13201 SCI papers, 4558 papers before election, per capita was 40.70,annual per capita was 2.45. 8916 articles after election, per capita was 79.61, annual per capita was 8.49. In the lowest four spectrum, the paper ratio after election was higher than before, the highest three spectrum was opposit. From the point of impact factor, paper ratio decreased after rising firstly after election, each spectrum ratio has no obvious change rule before election. With the extention of time, the citation grew rapidly after two years, then went to peak in 5~10 years of each section of the paper.(2)97 academicians of Chinese academy of sciences published 8972 CSCD papers articles from 1989 to 2014, 3878 before the election, per capita was 39.98, annual per capita was 3.61. 5273 after the election, per capita was 54.36, annual per capita was 3.82.113 academicians of Chinese academy of engineering published 21050 CSCD papers from1989 to 2014, 8361 before the election, per capita was 73.99, annual per capita was 5.75.13091 after the election, per capita was 115.85, annual per capita was 9.18. In the lowesttwo spectrum, the paper ratio after election was higher than before, the higher spectrum was opposit. Papers cited of 10-15, 16-20, 20+16 and 20 times, growth to peak in 10~15years.2.The network analysis of scientific papers of the Chinese academicians(1) Academicians published 11338 and 13201 SCI papers respectively, co-author rate were 98.53% and 99.14% respectively. There are some academician with higher point center degree who were the core, other authors contected with each other through them directly or indirectly, but lacking of extensive cooperation. The discipline with the highest point center degree and the mediation center degree is biochemistry and molecular biology.The computer science plays a certain intermediary function. The central tendency of organization cooperation network is obvious. The point center degrees of the top five includes China, the United States, England.(2)Academicians published 8972 and 21050 CSCD papers respectively, co-author rate were 95.61% and 94.74% respectively. The general medicine and internal medicine had higher point center degree and the mediation center degree. The organization cooperation network of CSCD papers has the same characteristics with SCI papers.3.Analysis of the Authorized invention patent of the Chinese academicianssince the 1990 s the number of authorized invention patent began to rise, rapidly grew after 2000. The top 10 authorized invention patent were biotechnology, pharmaceuticals,organic fine chemical, biological materials, traditional medicines, computer technology and medical technology, high polymer chemistry and polymer, measurement and other special machines. There is a kind of small scale network which is around local center.14.75% and 16.67% of academician worked with one or more other academician at least 1 invention patent grants.Conclusions:1.Whether the same time, or before and after the election, the main indicators of SCI papers are higher than CSCD papers; The cited frequency and impact factor before andafter the election performs that the rate of highly cited papers and papers on high impact factor journals before election are higher than after, but per capita and annual per capita after election are higher than those before election, 2-year time span for the calculation of journal impact factors should be prolonged to 5-10 years in biomedicine domain.2.Rather than constructing an integral and connected network, the collaboration among these academicians is divided into several small cohesive groups. Inter-institutional and domestic collaborations are primary patterns, universities and research institutions are the main subject of cooperation. The United States is the major partner for international collaboration. Biochemistry and molecular biology is the primary and active leading disciplines, and computer science, as a bridge, is closely related to sub-disciplines of life sciences.3.The number of authorized Invention patents of Chinese academicians shows a trend of rapid growth; technical field of the top ten sub fields of technology includes biotechnology, medical technology, pharmaceuticals, traditional medicine, organic fine chemical, measurements and biological materials; but the collaborative degree is insufficient in terms of collaboration scope and depth.Suggestions:1.To improve competitiveness of domestic magazines in the world and to reform of science and technology evaluation mechanism;2.The growth of the highest level creative talents also need innovative ecological environment;3.2-year time span for the calculation of journal impact factors should be prolonged to5-10 years in biomedicine domain;4.Give full play to the leading role of the academician, strengthen the close cooperation between high level creative talents;5.Pay more attention to the basic role of mainstream subject in scientific research activities, promote the knowledge flow of different disciplines;6.Strengthen the international cooperation of top creative talents and innovative team;7.To optimize the production-study-research cooperation network.Innovation points:This study integrates scientometrics and social network analysis to analyze the cooperation situation of scientific papers and authorized invention patents of Chinese academicians in biomedicine domain.Conceptions for making further study:Although this study analyzed the scientific papers and authorized invention patents, it was necessary to select other quantifiable information such as science projects to conduct further research. |
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