A Research On The Symbolism Standpoint Of Artificial Intelligence

The Symbolism Program is of great importance in the Artificial Intelligence area. The paper, which chooses Turing test as the breakthrough point, and the Symbolic standpoint as the basic of the research, elaborates on the explanation and realization of Intelligence——-the core of Artificial Intelligence. Starting from this issue, it analyses the rationality and deficiency of Symbolic theory specifically, and makes a further analysis and forecast of the future aspect of Symbolism and Artificial Intelligence, by discussing the transition of the relationship between Symbolic standpoint and Artificial Intelligence and its reasons, and the comparison between behaviorism and connectionism in Artificial Intelligence.Choosing Turing test as the breakthrough point, this paper defines the fundamental significance of Turing test to the realization of Artificial Intelligence by scanning the development history of Artificial Intelligence, based on which it analyses and assesses the principle and standpoint of the Symbolism. This paper considers the Artificial Intelligence system, which is based on Turing test, and it takes the simulation of human as the standard instead of explaining the essence of Intelligence, and establishes the elementary path of the Symbolic research program in the empirical turn of the Artificial Intelligence subject, thus promotes the development of Artificial Intelligence to a great extent. But there’re also some predicaments to the research of Artificial Intelligence because of the lack of legitimacy when using Turing test and Symbolism to explain "Intelligence", such as the problem of intentionality, combinatorial explosion, knowledge acquisition and machinery translation and so on. Symbolism tries to solve the above problems through the way of establishing semiotic system to express the "intentionality", but the insufficiency of its theory on expressing "Intelligence" makes it an essential obstacle to its development.Compared with Symbolism, the appearance of Behaviorism and Connectionism promotes the development of Artificial Intelligence to some extent, but both the two programs can’t achieve the objective sufficiently. Actually, all the existing three programs have some problems to promote the development of Artificial Intelligence. On the one hand, although the Symbolism has the advantage of legitimacy, it must break its fundamental predicaments; on the other hand, connectionism and behaviorism must seek a new "Turing test" to provide legitimacy for its theory. So, the key to understand the future development of Artificial Intelligence is to study the relationship between the three problems thoroughly based on the introspection of Symbolism.