The Design And Implementation Of A New Type Of Wireless Sensor Network Node

Wireless sensor network is concerned in the current frontier research areas athome and abroad. It connects with the physical information and transmissionnetwork in the objective world. It can be used in many wide territories, such as thenational defense and military, environment monitoring, disaster rescue, medical andhealth, which has the very broad application prospects.Wireless sensor network includes the data acquisition network, datadistribution network and control manager center. The basic structure constitutionunit is the node, which integrated with sensor, processor and communicationmodule. The node is self-organized into a distributed network through agreement.The collected sensory information will transmit to the information processingcenter by radio waves after optimization.Wireless sensor network node has many notable technical features. Firstly, it isfrequently used with high density. Secondly, its ability of data processing andstorage is limited. Thirdly, it has a small size, the power supply is limited batteryenergy and the available energy is very limited. Fourthly, the communicationability is weak and the communication distance is dozens to hundreds of meters.Fifthly, its distribution is random and has self-organization characteristics.There are many existing limitations in the process of using wireless sensornode. The paper is to make improvement and optimization about limitations anddesigns a new type of wireless sensor network node. The characteristics are asfollows:(1) It owns a photovoltaic (PV) power supply system, which powered by solarenergy and optimized in the process of energy acquisition and conversion. Theexisting sensor nodes have a short service life caused by limited energy, and dataprecision collected by sensor will fall with the decrease of power supply voltage.The new type of wireless sensor network node can solve these problems of existingsensor nodes effectively.(2) A data processing module based on FPGA is embedded in sensor node toimprove and extend data processing ability of the node. The node can do somenecessary processing of the collected sensor data. It can not only enrich applicationoccasion of the node, but also can alleviate the pressure of data processing in thelate period of wireless sensor network data summary end, and improve theefficiency of wireless sensor network. Compared with the existing wireless sensor node, the new type of wirelesssensor network node has the following advantages. Firstly, the service life span islonger. In the condition of two hours’ effective light in the daytime, the energycollected by photovoltaic (PV) power supply system can ensure two days’ effectivework energy consumption of the node. The life cycle of the node can be infinite intheory. Secondly, the ability of data processing is stronger. It can realize complexprocessing operations for multi-channel high speed sensor data signal, such ascompound digital filter. Thirdly, the collected data is more reliable and stable.Through the experiment testing, the collected data can effectively filter out morethan three-quarters of the exotic items through digital filtering.