Research Of WSNs Energy-aware Cluster Routing Protocol

Because of the inherent energy constraints of the sensor node, it is important for the practicalapplication of wireless sensor network(WSN) to improve energy efficiency and energy balance.Inthe energy model of the sensor nodes, communication consume the largest share. In the energymodel of the sensor node, communications among the nodes consume the largest energy. Therefor,energy efficient clustering routing design has become an important way to prolong the networklifetime.The main work of the paper is the design of the modified clustering routing protocol based onthe Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol.Considering the energyefficiency and the energy consumption balance of the sensor nodes, this paper proposes energyoptimized routing protocol form the perspectives of the optimal energy welfare, unequal clusteringstrategy and multiple communication mechanism. The main contributions and innovations include:(1) Provided a brief overview of the structure of the wireless sensor network and the networkcharacteristics. This paper analyzes the characteristics and the design goals of wireless sensornetwork routing protocol, the topology and the implementation process and the typical clusteringrouting protocol. In addition, this paper introduces the concept of social welfare function and itsapplication in the wireless sensor network.(2) In view of the random selection of the cluster head in the process of clustering, a secondarycluster head selection strategy is proposed based on the optimal energy welfare function. Theoptimal energy welfare function can achieve energy efficiency, energy balance and protection oflow energy node simultaneously. We propose an improved Leach protocol based on the optimalenergy welfare function(Leach-OEW).(3) This paper analyzes the unbalanced energy consumption in Quadrature-Leach(Q-Leach)protocol and the one hop communication between nodes. In order to balance the energyconsumption of the network, the unequal clustering strategy is used in the protocol. Besides,theadaptive competition radius in order to change radius of node dynamic is used to protect the lowenergy level nodes. The multiple hop communication scheme is also improved by used thepartitioning scheme of Q-Leach. Finally,we proposed an improved Q-Leach protocol based on theunequal clustering and multiple hop communication(UMQ-Leach).