An Improved LEACH Protocol Based On Unequal-Cluster

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN), the product of the combination of sensors, wireless communication and network, is one of the new information acquisition and the processing technologies. WSN has high reliability, easy deployment and scalability features. Recently it has been paid more and more attention to, and has made great strides too. However, the wireless sensor network's node only has the property of limited power source, limited computing power, limited memory, and will no longer be replaced once is deployed. How to make use of the limited resources as much as possible, obtain effective information and prolong the life of the network is the focus of the present research concerns, and these problems can be attributed to the sensor network routing problems.This thesis first does a deep research on routing protocol of WSN and then makes classification and comparisons among the common routing algorithms in the WSN, does research on the dual-homed fault-tolerant route technology, lays emphasis on LEACH protocol in cluster routing protocol, presents the RPUCTH protocol based on the insufficient in the LEACH routing protocol.A Routing Protocol based on Unequal Clustering and Two-cluster-Heads (RPUCTH) is based on the LEACH protocol. In the clustering stage, it joins the unequal clusters, two-head clusters which have a primary head node and a secondary head node, and other strategies. In the data transmission stage, it uses multi-hop transmission approach to send the sensor data of the clusters to a Sink node, and when the energy of a primary head node declined to the threshold, the secondary head node of the cluster is starting to work. Simulation results show that RPUCTH Protocol balances the energy consumption of the network better, and effectively extends the lifetime of the network, comparing with the LEACH.