The Traditional Idea Of Social Assistance And Professional Social Work Values Two-Dimensional Structure

This paper is a further discussion on the development of social assistance ideas and social work values. In terms of the development of traditional assistance ideas, this paper focuses on the following developmental epochs: 1. policy relief ideas of Act of Relief(1601) whose main feature is that it regards the relief as short-term and the passive emergency measures based on the sympathy to the poor; 2. Positive and long-term social assistance ideas that are promoted by the Christian charity( 1869) so as to help the poor; 3. Developmental epochs during which social solidarity and both the prevention and development of social relief ideas(1884) of neighborhood organizations movement; 4. Formation of specialized social work marked as paid service, professional education and application of social science ideas since the beginning of the 20 th century.With the specialization and professionalization of social work, the problems dealt with the relationship between practice and theory appear gradually. Whether social work is a “experiential” practice or a “theoretical” practice is intensively embodied in that the social work theory lacks the general state, which can reflect the basic features of the social work action system and belong to the social work itself. The analytical framework of two-dimensional structure of social work values discussed in this paper tries to take social work values action system as the entry point and take classical theory of action structure of sociology as a reference, to discuss the analytical tool, which could not only reflect the basic requirement of social work values but also improve the efficiency of the action system.Two-dimensional structure of social work values action system is a general theory that can guide the social work practice. And its appearance has an important meaning in providing an analysis and operational framework for social work practice and enriching the theory of social work. The objective evaluation and technical evaluation of the two-dimensional structure is an analytical framework that aims at the objective setting, the degree of achieving goals and efficiency of the goal. Objective evaluation refers to the direction of the purpose and the degree of goal-achieving which combine the qualitative and quantitative relationship. However, the technical evaluation includes the three different levels: 1. choice of methodology; 2. use of strategies and skills; 3. specific research techniques and conditions of science and technology.This paper divides action subjects into three levels, i.e. individual level, organizational level and policy implementing subjects. Then, this paper, with practical case, analyzes the two-dimensional structure of social work values action system under the above three levels, so as to illustrate the guiding effect of two-dimensional structure. Facing with the problems that the slow development of current social work, service capacity needs improving and the friction with government, localization of theory and practice becomes more and more urgent. The presence of two-dimensional structure of social work values action system will do a great help in responding to the dilemma of social work, promoting the steady growth of social work and participating in social governance.