| The research purpose and significanceSelf-identity is the core concept of Erickson "personality development epigenesis", to illustrate the development of adolescent personality, individual psychological mature state. The self-identity development of individuals in the good self-understanding, choice of occupation, establish values, make clear the direction of future, in particular environment, the integration of the past, the present and the future own subjective perception and experience, the formation of internal consistency and other aspects will have better development, plays an important role in the healthy development of individual body and mind health; on the contrary, the ego identity development of poor self-integration, low degree of psychological development, mental health is poor, prone to anxiety, depression, loneliness, social disorder, Internet addiction and other emotional problems and behavior disorders; among them, loneliness and Internet addiction because it exists in College Students’ group universally and serious harm has become the focus of attention of psychologists. The research on respective conditions of self-identity, loneliness and Internet addiction, although many research have been done, but there are still some differences between the various research results, for the development of self-identity status, the influence factors of the results are not consistent, of self-identity and loneliness, Internet addiction three interaction the relationship has not been seen in the literature.College students facing various life choices and contradictions, psychological development challenges, is in a critical period of self-identity development. In psychological counseling practice, the researchers also found that a great part of College Students’ consultation is the development of future occupation development, interpersonal relationship, self-treatment, life value pursuit of ideals and beliefs, which is highly correlated with self-identity, which further indicates that the establishment and development of self-identity has the influence on college students play a decisive role in real life and work.Therefore, understanding the development of College Students’ self-identity status and possible influencing factors to help students smoothly through the development of self-identity crisis, establish good self-identity, get a good development, to prevent and reduce the loneliness of college students, Internet addiction and other related emotions and behavior problems, has become an important part of the work of psychological health among College students. In this paper, through the form of questionnaire, understand the factors of college students self-identity development in general and the possible influence; at the same time, understand students loneliness in different self-identity development condition and the situation of Internet addiction, to explore the relationship between the three, for the university psychological workers help college students smoothly through the identity crisis, establish good self-identity, reduce loneliness, Internet addiction prevention, to provide scientific basis for improving the level of mental health.Research object and methods1. Sampling methods and research objectsSelection of Guangdong Province 5 ordinary full-time universities, according to the different types of professional selection, economic and Social Sciences, engineering and medical students, using cluster sampling method, to the class as a unit,1300 college students were selected as the research object, the anonymous survey in 2014 September ～2014 year in December. A total of 1300 questionnaires, excluding invalid questionnaires,1193 valid questionnaires were obtained, the effective recovery rate was 91.77%. Among them,473 boys,720 girls; 143 Freshmen,360 sophomore students,269 Juniors,421 Seniors; the average age was 20.64+1.47 years.2. Assessment toolsAssessment tools used include:basic information questionnaire, self-identity scale, UCLA scale and Young Internet addiction questionnaire identification standard. The validity and reliability of all the scales have reached the psychometric requirements of the questionnaire and scale.3. Data processingThe establishment of the database using EpiData3.1, SPSS 19.0 and AMOS20.0 data input, the data collation and analysis, including the use of statistical methods: descriptive analysis, two independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, Person correlation analysis and structural equation model.The results of the study1. Only 67 people to achieve self-identity status (A), accounting for 5.6% of the proportion of the sample; and in the same diffusion position (D) of the highest proportion of college students, the total number reached 63.6%; followed by the same form -- the authority to accept the middle position (A-F), a total of 164 people in this position, the proportion was 13.7%; while in the authority to accept the position (F) of the minimum number, accounted for only 2.7%.2. Demographic data, self-identity status of different gender, school, professional and family types of students no difference in distribution (P>0.05); the only child and non-only child, different grades, different family residence students self-identity status are significant difference in the distribution of (P<0.05); other relevant factors in communication different status, parent-child status and personality of the friends of college students were in ego identity status distribution difference (P<0.05).3. Female, non-singleton, key universities, low grade, medicine and science students have higher aspirations of the future self-input test scores, significant differences between the groups(P<0.01), large and medium-sized cities in the past is higher than the scores of College Students’ crisis of college students in urban and rural areas, significant differences between the groups (P<0.05); intimate parent-child communication good friends in real life, the students now self-devotion and future self into the two dimension with a higher score, a significant difference between groups (P<0.001), different personality of college students in the present self-input index difference (P<0.05), extroverted students scored higher.4. Up to 58.9% of college students experience a strong sense of loneliness,39.6% of college students have a moderate degree of loneliness, only1.4% of the loneliness of college students is very weak.5. In different identity status of college students loneliness degree has significant difference; in the same diffusion--the positive delay intermediate status (D-M) of the college students have a strong sense of loneliness in the highest proportion, reached 90.9%; followed by the identity diffusion status (D) of college students, the status of 66.3% College Students have a strong sense of loneliness.6.12.8% of the students have reached 57.6% college students with internet addiction, Internet addiction tendency.7. There are significant differences in different degree of Internet addiction self-identity status of college students; in the same diffusion -- positive delay intermediate status (D-M) of college students addiction was 30.9%; the highest proportion, followed by the same diffusion position (D) of college students, the College Students Internet addiction accounted for 15.6%.8. Self-identity scale and self-investment, now the crisis of the past and future of the three dimensions of self-investment desire and sense of loneliness score, Internet addiction scores were moderately negatively correlated (P<0.01); loneliness and Internet addiction was positively correlated (P<0.01).9. College students’self-identity can negatively predict loneliness and Internet addiction, loneliness can positively predict Internet addiction, loneliness in self-identity to play an intermediary role in the effect of Internet addiction. To verify the model structure variance model, the model fit index:RMSEA value is 0.072, less than 0.08, reached the standard of model fitting is better; in addition, fitness index GFI, NFI, CFI, TLI and other indicators were all above 0.9, said the path model and the actual data has a good fit the model fits well.The conclusion of the study1. Most students have not yet reached the self-identity formation, most college students are still in the same self-diffusion or delay state, only a handful of students to gain self-identity, self-identity development of college students in psychological and social development theory is very likely in a period of stagnation, which is in "a system of psychological moratorium".2. University students in different stages of self-identity development have different life attitude. Combination of receiving identity formation and authority of life have higher levels of investment, which may and have clear goals in life related, thus to establish the goal of life is very important for the healthy development of individual psychology; in addition, in the same development inferior individuals, "exploration" and "low input" compared to the "low exploration" and "low cost" is not conducive to mental health of the individual, so in the course of self-identity development of individuals, "exploration" and "investment" in the relative balance is more conducive to the mental health of the individual.3. In the many factors influencing self-identity, the interaction and relationship quality with significant others of life to university student is most prominent:good parent-child communication, bosom friend of college students with a development is significantly better than the other students. And college students’ self-identity with the development of the under different objective background although also showed some differences, but it’s still far from and close to highlight the impact factors of other interactions. Visible, in real life and significant others (parents, friends, etc.) have good interpersonal and intimate relationships can greatly promote the university students’ self-identity development.3. Students generally have a strong sense of loneliness, Internet addiction rate is also high, loneliness and Internet addiction has become important issues of today’s college students. Self-identity and loneliness, Internet addiction is closely related to, the self- identity development better loneliness of college students sense of the lower, the more vulnerable to Internet addiction, loneliness and more strongly to the college students, Internet addiction risk is also higher; ego identity plays an intermediary role between loneliness and in network addiction.This research features and innovations1. The scope of the investigation of the development status of Guangdong Province college students self-identity, added the Guangdong Province college students self-identity development form of quantitative research data.2. The analysis of gender, grade, professional and other different demographic background of College Students’ self-identity development status, clear communication, parent-child personality and other relevant factors to influence college students’ self-identity, refinement of the self-identity development related factors influence the specific contents.3. Through the survey results showing the status of college students in Guangdong loneliness and Internet addiction, reveals the universal existence of today’s college students strong feelings of loneliness and the high rate of Internet addiction, to provide reference data for future research.4. For the first time to analyze the relationship between self-identity and loneliness, Internet addiction among the three, confirmed the self-identity development will influence on Internet addiction, loneliness, loneliness in self-identity to play an intermediary role in the effect of Internet addiction for college psychological workers, reduce the loneliness of college students reduce, Internet addiction provides from the self-identity development of this new perspective.The shortage of this research and Prospect1. This study reveals the students’ self-identity, loneliness and Internet Addiction Tendency of the relationship between the statistical methods used to check, but the characteristics of cross-sectional study that the causal relationship between the four is not completely reliable, so the causal relationship between these variables also need further research and experiment to verify the tracking.2. In this study, all the samples were collected from Guangdong Province, due to the popularity of network and Internet addiction ratio difference, it will need to be more prudent the results generalize to other city and rural areas.3. Internet addiction is a complex behavior, in addition to self-identity, loneliness, factors such as personality, attachment style, social support may affect it, so it should be a rational view on the self-identity and loneliness of College Students’ Internet Addiction Tendency Prediction and intensity degree of interpretation.4. This study adopts the method of questionnaire investigation to carry out research, in methodology is relatively single, to more detailed issues related to research on College Students’ self-identity development, loneliness and Internet addiction deeply, also should design more sophisticated research programs, take more research methods, such as qualitative interviews, profound the rigorous experimental design etc. |
PDF Full Text Request