Research Of Mentougou Coal Mine Workers Living In The Period Of Republic Of China(1917-1945)

The first half of the nineteenth century to the end of twentieth Century, is locatedin the mountains west of Beijing, Coal Mine in Mentougou, as a stronghold of bigpowers in north China coal resources. Britain, France, Germany, USA, Belgium,Japan plundered this area. Britain and Japan entered Mentougou in1917, during theperiod1917-1945,Mentougou coal successively ruled by Britain and Japan, until1945the Japanese were expelled from the Mentougou mine. This paper attempts touse Mentougou as an example which is a typical mining area as the starting point,using historical data and a file data, analyzing the mine workers labor life, social lifeand family life,in order to provide more comprehensive understanding of the livingcondition of Mentougou coal mine workers.This text is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the developmentsituation of Mentougou Coal Mine. Mentougou Coal Mine is introduced from thestart to the development of foreign capital exploitation after the invasion. The secondpart discusses Mentougou coal mine workers’ labor conditions during the period ofthe Republic of China. This chapter first introduces the composition and source ofMentougou coal mine workers, and then combines with the "miners treatment draftrules", a comprehensive discussion of the actual implementation in the work time,work environment, labor process and labor treatment of workers in Mentougou. Thethird part discusses Mentougou Coal Mine workers’ social living conditions duringthe period of the Republic of China, mainly analyzes the spiritual sustenance, liveentertainment and hobbies, co-workers and neighborhood relations. The fourthpart discusses Mentougou coal mine workers’ family living conditions during theperiod of the Republic of China, including the workers’ marital status, children’seducation, family economic status and family taboo. The fifth part discussesMentougou Coal Mine workers’ political life, including economic and politicalstruggles, which shows the coal mine workers’ awareness and tremendous strength.