On The Transport Revolution Of Liverpool During18-19Century

18-19Century, the city of Liverpool in northwest of England became the world-renowned large commercial port city quickly from the edge town that was always beingforgotten in long history. As we all know, Liverpool became stronger in notorioustransatlantic slavery, but this article attempts to explore the reasons of Liverpool rising inthe18-19century from the perspective of Liverpool transportation and instruct the far-reaching implications for Liverpool、 the hinterland and even the whole Country’seconomy by Liverpool transportation.This paper focuses on Liverpool transport revolution during18-19century in manyaspects.Firstly, the paper should introduce Liverpool’s economy and traffic conditions beforethe18th century briefly. Before the Industrial Revolution, as its occlusion location,Liverpool transport was very backward, which seriously hampered the economicdevelopment of Liverpool. This time, Liverpool’s main economy is based on short tradewith the Irish and the low city economy. It is to highlight the great changes anddevelopment of Liverpool traffic during18-19century though a brief introduction ofLiverpool’s economy and traffic conditions.Secondly, the paper should discuss three transportation systems of Liverpool port,canal and railway in depth. In the18th and19th centuries, Liverpool’ docks andwarehouses developed rapidly, distributing on the north and south of Liverpool coast, andthe docks were becoming increasingly specialized, steam boats began to be applied tomaritime sailing; under the requirements of port transport, Liverpool’ canals and railwayshave also developed. Sankey Canal and Bridgewater Canal opened the British canalconstruction’s frenzy, and Leeds-Liverpool canal connects the two big British port cities;with the in-depth development of the industrial revolution, the railway also began to rise.Liverpool-Manchester Railway opened the British "railway era" prelude, which ultimately defeated Canal for its absolute advantage and became a major inland transport.Thirdly, the paper would reveal the factors of Liverpool transport revolution fully. Theemergence and development of the industrial revolution is the main motivation ofLiverpool transport revolution. On the one hand, the industrial revolution put forward arequest for the construction and improvement of canals and railways, on the other hand, theindustrial revolution also provided technical support for its revolution; while thedevelopment of Liverpool and its hinterland’ economy provided ample sources of funding;Meanwhile, a vast overseas markets by British colonial expansion and the long-termEuropean war brought a historic opportunity for Liverpool.Finally, the paper would discuss the profound impact of traffic changes of Liverpool.The perfect cooperation of Port, canal and railway pull the rapid economic development ofthe hinterland of Liverpool, and promoted Liverpool industrial and commercialdevelopment to become Britain’s second largest port city. Liverpool inland canals andrailways construction also led to the construction of the national network of canals andrailways, which had a certain impact on British traffic. In addition, Liverpool trafficchanges also contributed to the process of the British industrial revolution, promoting thedevelopment of British Steel industry, coal industry, etc, and indirectly affect the pattern ofthe British economy, making the national economic center shift from southeast tonorthwest.