| 1 BackgroundWith the state has been promoting the training and development of application-oriented talents. According to the government work report "Thirteen Five outline":the guide part of the local Universities needs "application type". At the same time, long-term medical and health personnel development plan (2011-2020) has also pointed out the need to create policies to promote environmental applications and research talents, thus "Talents coordinated development". With more and more clinical nursing students, weighing more theory than practice has formed a phenomenon. The reason, on the one hand, is that the theory and practice of undergraduate are disjointed; On the other hand, from college’s factors, there are still some problems of the training objectives and curriculum of higher undergraduate education. Training needs clear objectives, and the curriculum reform framework is not clear. It lacks the quantitative evaluation index between Training Objectives and Curriculum.2 ObjectivesThis paper is divided into three parts:The first part is to determine the "Apply" nursing undergraduate training objectives, training objectives have clear specific items, and then determine the weight of heavy training objectives; the second part of undergraduate education according to the first part of the "Apply" nursing, targeting "applied" curriculum integration, the formation of a unique curriculum; the third part is a preliminary exploration of the curriculum evaluation and training objective, constituting evaluation system, which,in turn, can be completed after students develop the degree of training objectives. Therefore, the overall concept of this study: cultivating application nursing talents as the goal of undergraduate curriculum reform to enhance students will apply theory to clinical work capacity and ability to care operations. At the same time, a clear care learning objectives, Curriculum and quantify links are among the target capability. It lacks of the understanding in the learning process and the ability to replenish through elective, or develop expertise the ability to highlight the advantages of employment.2.1 Definition of "application" nursing undergraduate training objectives with the entry weightsAt present, although there are training objectives for nursing students, the "application type" is unclear. Therefore, this study needs first clear training objectives. First, use Delphi method developing the "Apply" nursing undergraduate training objectives system indicators, clear and specific entry application-oriented training objectives. Secondly, training target entry weight analysis, to explore the "Apply" nursing undergraduate training objectives in important entries as a basis to focus on training.2.2 Pairs of the existing curriculum integrationLiterature, e-mail request, web browsing at home and abroad for college nursing programs were compared, and according to the program and a comparison of eight-year school curriculum, integration programs have based on an existing program of Nursing Medical care for Undergraduate Programs a basis for expert consultation questionnaire. By using the Delphi method, the existing curriculum integration, discussing he "Apply" nursing undergraduate study curriculum subjects and programs, in order to provide the basis for curriculum reform. So close to the nursing curriculum used; embodies the characteristics of care, reduce the mismatch between theory and practice to reduce the number of courses. Further to cultivate effect. And follow the holistic, comprehensive principle, and gradually explore the status of our country but also in line with the international convergence of nursing education curriculum.2.3 Reference Taiwanese culture course maps connections between the goals and curriculum evaluationWith radar diagram, the training objectives and curriculum connection, you can conduct a preliminary evaluation of the appropriate ability scores by students, for their learning and teachers’teaching a preliminary reference. Therefore, this study Learning from Taiwan Educational electronic document management system (e-portfolio) in the course map (curriculum map) principle setting radar chart method (cobweb Evaluation) indicator system will correspond by Educational Goals and curriculum, and will finally through student scores in the course of the ability to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of students.3 Methods and Objects3.1 ObjectThe inclusion of 23 experts, including nursing education direction 15, the direction of eight clinical care management research covering pediatric care, obstetrics and gynecology care, surgical care, Intensive care, elder care, medical care, nursing management and nursing education. The first round has two experts that did not give valid responses were from nursing education and nursing management direction. The first round of valid questionnaires is 21 parts,21 experts from 15 University, and 6 people the in the top three hospitals. Advanced title：52.4%(11/21), the Deputy High:47.6%(10/21).Dr.:23.8%(5/21), Master:57.1%(12/21),19.0% are undergraduate (4/21). The average working age are 22.93 ± 7.95, a minimum of 13 years, the longest 40 years of work. There is a second round of expert nursing education directions no effective response, so that the second round of the effective recovery of 20 questionnaires.In the third part, there are five experts give the consultation, and two experts have been invited to modify the program evaluation. Meanwhile, on the program advisory service group Academic Registry Division Soochow University in Taiwan and the Taipei University of Nursing health evaluation center are for algorithm verification.3.2 MethodBetween May 2015 to December 2015, Delphi Method and AHP had been made by e-mail and hard copy questionnaire to require expert advice.Two expert consultation, and data processing were conducted. After the questionnaires were collected, Excel2007, SPSS 17.0 software were used for data processing. Descriptive statistics on the composition structure consultants have analyzed tested positive according to experts of the ity coefficients, coordination coefficient of reliability of expert advice. After determining the entry,indicators are calculated by the number of importance. Based on the relative importance scores Saaty importance level table, on the "application" nursing undergraduate training objectives of each system level, the two sub-entries under indicators were itemized pairwise comparisons, given the appropriate value. According to the analysis,hierarchy of the "Apply" nursing undergraduate training objectives progressively were divided into four levels:the target layer, criteria layer (level indicators), feature layer (secondary indexes) and factor layer (three indicators).Using the Delphi method Early to develop on the basis of level indicators Bloom’s teaching objectives classification theory, according to Hohenstein Taxonomy of educational objectives refined secondary indicators, the establishment of the "apply" nursing undergraduate training objectives. Experts on the importance of the entry assignment used AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP) method to construct the judgment matrix, calculate the weight of each index weight and test its logical consistency. Using the same method,Applied Training objectives of the program were drawn. By entry through expert training objectives corresponding to each course evaluation results are weighted with weighting coefficients Ability Evaluation System between curriculum objectives and estimates.4 Results4.1Delphi method application nursing undergraduate training objectives and weightsIt was recovered after two consultation questionnaires 20 parts. The expert advice of good scientific reliability:Experts’ positive reply are the degree of its 0.857, Kendall and co-factor of 0.130～0.293, a good level of coordination (P<0.05).With two expert advice, "Apply" nursing undergraduate training targeted 3 level indicators: attitudes, values and basic literacy; knowledge of the target; the ability to target; 15 secondary indicators, three indicators 63. Level indicators, the "attitudes and values" weight is 0.56, "objective knowledge" and "ability to target" are the same weight:0.22. Secondary indicators, in the values dimension, include "professional attitude" and "ideological quality" relatively high weight; knowledge of the target, the "professional knowledge" the highest weight; and the ability to target the right "communication skills" and "applications" heavy maximum. Re-entry ownership random consistency ratio (CR) of less than 0.10, there is no logical confusion.4.2 Determine the application nursing talents undergraduate curriculum system by the results of expert adviceAfter two rounds of expert advice,31 courses were initially identified. The preliminary curriculum system integration has developed a five course modules, including public basic courses, specialized electives, courses. Care module and system are according to the original classification. The original basic science modules are in nursing curricula, thus further course of the actual work of convergence, which mainly contains:① Increasing Elective courses module (mainly for specialist types of courses):psychiatric nursing, nursing nutrition, Chinese medicine nursing, community nursing, prominent specialty students in related fields; ② Removing Fusion curriculum module (main courses, humanities courses nursing, nursing research course) for ideological and political:socialist module (military doctrine, ideological and moral cultivation, basic principles of Marxism, Chinese modern history, Mao think that socialism has Chinese characteristics);③ Splitting fusion plates (mainly for basic medical and nursing courses):adult care nursing:respiratory system, circulatory system, digestive system, urinary system, blood and tumor system, endocrine and metabolic disorders, loco-motor system and skin. Module is set closer to the students, and Taiwan is similar to.4.3 Using radar chart method and corresponding curriculum training objectives resulting capacityHow much capacity of experts is in the course of each door fusion score, calculated average, and ultimately determine the ability of each course in a different culture to your right goal weight in weight. Students in the course score are accounting students’ score corresponding to the training objectives of the course by learning gained. When students reach a certain credit, it repairs that all scores comprehensive coming to cultivate students’graduation reflect the comprehensive capabilities of the target. And radar diagram corresponds, making the overall more intuitive. Thus, achieving the training objectives of the course and quantify binding. Students also reflect the culture to quantify the results. Dynamic and static can be observed by institutions and individuals to cultivate comprehensive ability effect to understand the difference between the longitudinal and transverse culture with others or other institutions comprehensive ability comprehensive capacity assessment comparison in different years. At the same time, from the microscopic point of view of individuals, institutions curriculum has both angle and macro capacity comprehensive evaluation. And that can combine the ability to quantify the results to be qualitatively understood intuitively comprehensive ability evaluation results. Through this program and algorithm can be applied to individual undergraduate comprehensive capacity assessment, but also on the overall effect of the culture institutions were evaluated.5 Conclusions5.1 "Applications" nursing undergraduate training objectives of both knowledge and applicationsFirst, the present study clarified and refined training objectives, so the target entry is in favor of more specific operations. In addition, the existing nursing undergraduate training objectives are Tonto culture, and the development of "applied" training objectives and the weights resolve entries in more detail. It tends to be focused and applied. For example,"B11 applications" and "B12 communication capability"were stressed in terms of capacity (0.095)."Where capacity is the ability to adapt to the application, the ability needs to apply the nursing operations. In the training process,distance of theory and practice needs to be narrowed from the phenomenon, so that students become familiar with the operation as soon as possible and apply the book knowledge into clinical care of patients. The ability to communicate is focused on C50 communicate with patients and their families:the nurse-patient communication skills.Effective communication skills and cooperation are in professional practice and nursing objects and related professionals (0.063). With the increase in recent years of conflict care, communication is very important. Effective communication can not only ease the family’s feelings, but also help to increase the confidence and mental patient comfort and increase the chances of rehabilitation.5.2 "Applications" nursing curriculum of undergraduate talent tends to press points systemSome experts have different opinions exist curriculum integration. Therefore, after discussion with the research team, please contact to consult experts to discuss the final agreement. The second round of curriculum integration reflect the following three purposes: ① specialized type of course highlight the abilities of students characteristics, to enhance the strength of their employment; ② Ideological and political courses, humanities courses nursing, nursing research curriculum integration, teaching have always run through the entire process of Humanities students literacy and scientific awareness and concept of lifelong learning; ③ Basic medical curriculum integration are among surgical care, enhance theoretical knowledge in nursing application consistency. Through these three characteristics, once again demonstrated the practicality features to work nursing practice application point of view, combined with training objectives, so students in the learning process that is carried out to explore the operation, thereby further reflect the "application-oriented" features.5.3 "Applications" nursing undergraduate training objectives and curriculum combined beneficial impact on students’overall evaluationThe combination of training objectives and curriculum evaluation, on the one hand are in the final result, reflecting the comprehensive evaluation of each student’s ability. Another negative one may be applied to the training objectives formative assessment programs among students through the evaluation of the course each semester repair adjustment, and can be elective by interest, thereby expertise in a certain capacity should be increased. Further solving the problem of training objectives cannot be quantified. The overall goal of training is quantized by superposition that can be achieved when the College of overall capacity and capability are deeper evaluation of teaching institutions. School corresponded courses every door core competency project (also contains specific gravity), and discussed by the Department determined, after making a good, then by the Dean build into the system. Students Course, comprehensive capabilities for all courses, the Department of the Department to develop core competencies in terms of the ability of students to get the case, and the ability of the individual to obtain, the Department of the right to attend each course corresponds to the ability of the student’s cumulative weight (sum). Finally referring to graduate school Department of gross score and the ability are to add all of the estimated weighted curriculum planning. |
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