Investigation Of The Incidence Of Gummy Smile In 1156 Han Adolescents And The Relationship Between Gummy Smile And Oral Hygiene Routine

Objective:To investigate the incidence of gummy smile in 1156 Han adolescents and the relationship between gummy smile and oral hygiene routine.To provide scientific references for taking groups of preventive measures and references material for improve oral health education.Methods:A self-imposed questionnaire of gummy smile was used. Gummy condition of 1156 Han people in Chongqing Medical University were measured when they smile and display 8 maxillary anterior teeth. Smiles were divided into four categories (no gummy smile under 2mm, gummy smile:mild 2-3mm, moderate 3～4mm, severe> 4mm).For investigate the incidence of gummy smile, and the difference between women and man groups and urban and rural groups. Five examiners evaluated esthetics of mild, moderate and severe gummy smile. To investigate the incidence of oral hygiene routine(unilateral chew, night bruxism, mouth breathing, suck and bite pen) in 1156 Han adolescents and the relationship between gummy smile and oral hygiene routine.Results:Incidence of gummy smile in Han adolescents was 17.9%. Incidences of mild, moderate and severe gummy smile were 10.1%,6.2% and 1.6% respectively. Incidence of gummy smile in women (19.4%) was higher than men (13.0%) (P<0.05). There was no difference statistically between urban and rural group. The incidence of unilateral chew in Han adolescents was 18.51% and the incidence of gummy smile in unilateral chew group was 19.16%. The incidence of night bruxism in Han adolescents was 6.83% and the incidence of gummy smile in night bruxism group was 16.46%. The incidence of mouth breathing in Han adolescents was 6.40% and the incidence of gummy smile in mouth breathing was 18.92%. The incidence of finger sucking and bite pen in Han adolescents was 11.76% and the incidence of gummy smile in finger sucking and bite pen was 25.74%.Conclusion:(1)Incidence of gummy smile was high in Han adolescents with a greater prevelance in females as compared to males. Severe gummy smile affect the esthetics severely and needs for treatment in order to improve the esthetics.(2) Our study showed that the incidence of gummy smile in unilateral chew group, mouth breathing group and night bruxism was no difference statistically compared with incidence of gummy smile in Han adolescents. The incidence of gummy smile in finger sucking and bite pen group was higher than incidence of gummy smile in Han adolescents.