Study On The Relationship Between Obesity,Blood Pressure And Blood Lipid Level Above Age Of 65 Years People In Chengyang District In Qingdao

1 ObjectivesTo explore the distribution of blood pressure and the prevalence of overweight and obesity, hypertension and hyperlipidemia in adults aged 65 and above in Chengyang district in Qingdao, and to examine the age trend of these diseases and correlations between overweight/obesity vs. hypertension and hyperlipidemia, therefore providing evidence for preventing and controlling hypertension and hyperlipidemia in community elderly population.2 MethodsOur subjects were community residents who went through a regular physical examination in a community health facility in Chengyang from 2009 to 2014. The community health facilities included 8 community health centers and their affiliated 8 township hospitals and 165 rural clinics. The total number of subjects with complete information was 30543. We diagnosed overweight and obesity based on the criteria recommended by the Guidelines for Preventing and Controlling Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Adults. Cases of hypertension and hyperlipidemia and controls were categorized according to the Chinese Guidelines for Hypertension Prevention and Treatment, and the Guidelines for Dyslipidemia Prevention and Treatment in Chinese Adults. Data was analyzed by Microsoft Office 2007 and SPSS18.0.3 ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity was 41.7％and 13.1% in adults aged 65 and above in Chengyang. The prevalence was higher in females (x2=937.352, P<0.001), and presented a downward trend as age increased (x2=454.406, P<0.001)The overall prevalence of hypertension was 65.7% with a higher rate in females (x2=111-089,P<0.001). This prevalence initially showed an upward trend as age increased and peaked at the age group 80-84, and then declined (x2=220.495, P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension among adults of normal weight, overweight and obesity was 60.3%,68.6%and 74.5%, respectively. The overweight and obesity group had a higher prevalence than the normal weight group (x2=364.759, P<0.001). We also included 9 variables (age、gender、smoking、alcohol use、 physical exercise、BMI、family history of hypertension、hyperlipidemia) which showed statistically significant results in univariate analyses, in a multivariable unconditional logistic regression model. The results indicated that, compared with adults with normal weight, the odds of having hypertension was 1.005 times higher in the overweight group(95%CI:1.001～1.012), and 1.076 times higher in the obesity group (95%CI:1.034～1.083). Age, female, frequent alcohol use, family history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia were risk factors for hypertension in elderly adults, whereas physical exercise was a protective factor.The overall prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 59.5%, and females had a higher prevalence (x2=1021.674, P<0.001). The overall prevalence also presented a parabolic shape as age increased (x2=20.372,P=0.001). The prevalence of hyperlipidemia among adults of normal weight, overweight and obesity was 53.9%,63.2% and 67.2%, and the prevalence in overweight and obese adults was significantly higher than normal weight adults (X2=353.753, P<0.001). Additionally, variables with statistically significant results in univariate analyses (gender、smoking、physical exercise、education BMI、 family history of hyperlipidemia、hypertension) were included in an unconditional logistic regression model with hyperlipidemia (Yes/No) as outcome variable. The results showed that, the odds of overweight adults to develop hyperlipidemia was 1.271 times the odds in normal weight adults (95% CI:1.007～1.461); obese adults had a 1.308 times higher odds of having hyperlipidemia than normal weight adults (95%CI:1.112-1.563). Female, family history of hyperlipidemia and hypertension were the risk factors for the elderly to have hyperlipidemia, while physical exercise was a protective factor.4 Conclusions1 Among adults aged 65 and above in Chengyang, the prevalence of overweight and obesity, hypertension and hyperlipidemia was higher in females than males. The prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia was higher in overweight and obese elderly adults than normal weight elderly adults.2 Overweight and obesity were essential risk factors for hypertension and hyperlipidemia in elderly population, which would increase the odds of developing such diseases in aged population.