Study On Prevalence Of Overweight And Obesity In 2005,2010,2014 And Its Association With Hypertension Of School Students Of 7 To 22 Years Old In Anhui Province

ObjectiveThis study is to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school students of 7-22 years in 2005,2010 and 2014 in Anhui province, and to explore the associations between overweight, obesity and hypertension.MethodsWe selected school student samples in primary schools, middle schools and colleges in Hefei city, Suzhou city and Chizhou city as well as Anhui University in Anhui province, who joined national student's fitness and health survey in 2005,2010 and 2014. In the 3 surveys, students were classified by district?urban and rural?grades and conducted with cluster sampling in the unit of class. Male and female students of 7-22 years old were selected; totally 31,363 students were selected as samples in the 3 surveys,8,800 students in 2005,10,876 in 2010 and 11,687 in 2014. Adopt the data of three national student physique surveys and input it into statistical system for data input, and adopt SPSS 13.0 software for statistic analysis. Adopt chi-square test to analyze and compare the dynamic changes of student overweight and fatness in 2005,2010 and 2014 (statistics indexes of different populations) and the difference of hypertension incidence among normal, overweight and fat students. Establish Logistic regression model with hypertension as dependent variable and BMI level as independent variable and control the effects of relevant confounding factors so as to analyze overweight and fatness's influence on hypertension.ResultsData of three fitness and health surveys shows overweight prevalence of school students in Anhui Province is yearly increasing, from 5.41% in 2005 to 11.07% in 2014; fatness incidence increases from 1.50% in 2005 to 6.02% in 2014. Both overweight and fatness incidences has obvious increase trend (P<0.01).Overweight incidences of male and female students increase from 6.36% and 4.45% in 2005 to 13.99% an 8.25% in 2015 respectively; fatness incidences of male and female students increase from 2.09% and 0.70% in 2005 to 8.13% and 4.76% in 2015 respectively; overweight and fatness incidences of both male and female students has obvious increase trend (P<0.01). Various surveys show male students bear higher overweight and fatness incidences than female students do, and the difference has statistical significance (P<0.01).From 2005 to 2014, overweight and fatness incidences of different ages have a general increase trend; however, within each survey overweight and fatness incidences have a general decrease trend along ages. In 2005 students of 8-9 years old bear the highest fatness incidence (4.33%) while students of 19-22 years old bear the lowest (0.44%); in 2010 students of 8-9 years old bear the highest fatness incidence (7.22%) while students of 19-22 years old bear the lowest (0.93%); in 2014 students of 7-8 years bear the highest fatness incidence (12.61%) and students of 19-22 years old bear the lowest (2.72%).In 2005,2010 and 2014, overweight incidences of urban students are 7.39%,10.77% and 13.36% respectively while overweight incidences of rural students are 3.41%, 6.83% and 8.91% respectively; urban incidences are higher than rural incidences and it has statistical significance (P<0.01).In 2005,2010 and 2014, fatness incidences of urban students are 2.30%,4.27% and 7.42% respectively while fatness incidences of rural students are 0.71%,2.22% and 4.71% respectively; urban incidences are higher than rural incidences and it has statistical significance (P<0.01).In 2014 hypertension incidence of school students of 7-22 years old in Anhui Province is 16.4%, in which hypertension incidence of male students is 16.5% and that of female students is 16.2%; hypertension incidence of urban students s 17.9% and that of rural students is 15.0%. Besides, hypertension incidence of students with normal BMI is 14.4%, that of overweight students is 27.5% and that of fat students is 36.9%; the difference among groups has statistical significance (?2=422.374, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis shows, compared with students with normal BMI, overweight (OR=4.816,95% CI:3.820-6.071) and fat (OR=7.418,95% CI:5.878-9.362) students bear apparently higher risks of hypertension.ConclusionOverweight and fatness is popular among school students of 7-22 years old in Anhui Province and has a yearly increase trend, especially among male, urban and young students. It helps the prevention and control of student hypertension to keep suitable BMI.