| Research background:Water is the source of life and the foundation of human existence. WHO data show,80%of human diseases are associated with water. Contamination of drinking water can cause a variety of human diseases such as digestive diseases, infectious diseases, and even cancer.With China’s rapid economic development, people’s living standards have improved greatly. More and more social and public attention is paying on the safety situation of drinking water. But nowadays, due to the source, process, transport and storage of water, water pollution incidents still emerge in an endless stream. The health and safety of drinking water is a basic requirement for ensuring the health of residents.As the health supervision institution, eliminate pollution risks and ensure the quality of drinking water is the premise of residents’health. But in Shanghai county Health Supervision, there is a great gap between manpower and actual regulatory needs.The centralized water supply factory in Xuhui District is Southern Co., Ltd., Shanghai Waterworks. After June2011the company has changed the source water from the Hangpu Rriver into grass sand water. There is no system studies reported about the impact on the centralized water and secondary water supply’s water quality from the change of source water in Xuhui District.Research objectives:Through the collection and analysis of finished water, terminal water and the secondary water supply’s monitoring and sanitation management data in Xuhui District, to understand the impact and influence factors of some pollution index of drinking water.Learn the impact from the source water and the wet or dry period to the detection indicators from finished water, terminal water and secondary water supply.Through the study of daily supervision and management of drinking water, we can investigate the countermeasures of improving the quality of drinking water and the lever of daily management in Xuhui District.Research Method: Collection and preservation of water samples are according to the specification "standard examination methods for drinking water collection and preservation of water samples (GB/T5750.2-2006)".Establish the database by Excel2007and SPSS16from the finished water, terminal water and secondary water supply’s water quality testing date and daily management information.Research Result:1. Finished water:The overall water quality is good, but oxygen consumption, manganese and aluminum sample detection results fail. There are eleven indicators from twenty-six indexes were not statistically significant by year rank sum test. In addition, there is the eleven indicators show a declining trend. After the change of the source of water, the concentration of most pollutants indicators declined.2. Terminal water:The overall water quality is good, but oxygen consumption, the total number of bacteria, turbidity and manganese some samples detected with unsatisfactory results. Only two microbiological indicators from twenty-three indexes were not statistically significant by year rank sum test. Turbidity, iron, manganese and oxygen consumption decreased year by year.After the change of the water source, total chlorine elevated, turbidity, iron and manganese dropped. Half of the terminal water detection results are higher than the finished water’s. The majority of indexes in the wet period are less than the dry season.3. Secondary water supply:The overall water quality is good. The failed detection results indicators are:oxygen consumption, manganese, iron, lead, total number of bacteria and turbidity. The results of sum test by year rank and the change of water quality are similar to the results of terminal water. Secondary water supply residential property companies have low pass rate of Products for credentials.Research Conclusion:1. Drinking water of Xuhui district is in good condition and the quality of water increases year by year.2. After2011June, Changqiao waterworks change the source water from the Huangpu River into the grass sand water source, which have made the quality of finished water,terminal water and secondary water supply improved greatly. The detection indexes have been decreased in water before and after transformation, rate of decline in large copper, manganese and iron, has great influence on the water quality of drinking water safety and health.3. Most detection indexes of finished water and terminal water appeared in high concentration in low water period than in flood period, which indicating that the flood water period concentration of pollutants in water to dilute.4. Although the Xuhui District drinking water indexes are in good condition, but the daily supervision has found some water supply company’s health management is not in place, where having health hazards. The health administrative departments should fully understand the importance of the safety of drinking water, strengthen the daily health supervision of various types of drinking water, timely find out potential safety hazard, control the occurrence of water borne diseases, ensure the safety of drinking water, guarantee people’s health. |
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