| People depend on water for living. The data derived from WHO showed that polluted drinking water was responsible for as much as 80% human diseases. In recent years, more and more industrial waste water and life sewage have been discharged freely, resulting in water polluted worse, which not only affected the water quality for municipal water supply, but also did harm to human health. Some water quality indexes like sense and character of water, bacteriology and toxicology are often beyond the national health standard.This study on drinking water polluting situation and its trend of the Fenxian district in Shanghai between 2006 and 2009 year has been carried out in 9 sites consisting of Huangpu River, Jinghui Harbor River and 7 water plants to investigate the indexes beyond the national health standard for drinking water and so serve to guarantee drinking water safety in Fenxian district.Part one:study on source water quality and cause analysis in Fenxian district.From 2006 to 2009 year, source river from different sites has been detected quarterly to analysis the polluted situation and its trend. The results were as follows:1) From 2006 to 2009 year, only 18.8% source water from Huangpu River and Jinghui harbor fulfilled the third class water quality according to the environmental quality standard of surface water (GB3838-2002).the indexes affecting the water quality included soluble oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, total phosphorus, total nitrogen. It was noteworthy that total nitrogen content was always more than the normal health standard while detected every time.2) From 2006 to 2009 year, the surface water quality is gradually growing better in Fenxian district because the fewer indexes did not meet the requirements of national standard for drinking water, especially in 2009 year.3) As for source water quality, Jinghui harbor site was worse than Huangpu River. Whether in Jinghui harbor or in Huangpu River, the water quality of the fourth season is better than the other three seasons as there were fewest indexes beyond national health standard for drinking water.4) As for surface water in Fenxian district, other indexes beyond national health standards for drinking water included anion surfactant and manganese, which maybe relating to the discharge of industrial waste water and life sewages.5) As for the source water of Hungpu River and Jinghui Harbor, other physical and chemical indexes met the requirements of national third class standard of surface water quality including pH value, volatile phenol, lead, arsenic, cyanide, sulfate, chloride, total rigidity and so on.Part two:Study on the hygienics and its trend of product water and tap water from centralized water plant in Fenxian districtThe study was performed to investigate the hygienic situation and its trend of product water and tap water from centralized water plants in Fenxian district based on the analysis of source water data. The results showed as follows:1) From 2006 to 2009 year, the product water quality met mostly the requirements of national health standards for drinking water. As for product water processed from surface water, the indexes beyond national health standard for drinking water mainly included chroma, turbidity, magganese, consumed oxygen, ammonia and fluoride. As for product water processed from ground water, the indexes beyond national health standard for drinking water mainly included mainly included chroma, turbidity, maggnaese, consumed oxygen, chloride, anion synthetic detergent, ammonia.2) The product water quality from difference water plants was different in Fenxian district. As for the origin of source water, the product water quality from Hungpu River was better than from Jinhui harbor. Among the three water plants processing the ground water, Liaoyuan water plant had the best product water quality.3) From 2006 to 2009 year, the water quality met mostly the requirements of national health standard for drinking water. As for the tap water which originated from surface water, the indexes beyond national health standard mainly included chroma, turbidity, magganese, consumed oxygen, ammonia and mercury. As for the tap water which originated from ground water, the indexes beyond national health standard for drinking water mainly included chroma, turbidity, iron, maggnaese, consumed oxygen, chloride and ammonia. 4) The results resulting from 9 monitoring sites indicated that the water quality from Hungpu River was better than from Jinghui harbor, and the water quality from ground water was similar as the product water.This study indicated that the seriously polluted water source was responsible for the water quality of product water and tap water beyond national health standard. The current water processing technique used by the water plant was limited. Therefore, some measurements should be taken to control the water pollution and improve the drinking water quality such as protecting raw water from pollution, optimizing the water resource assignment, improving the water processing technique, strengthening the water supply management and so on. |
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