Isolation And Biological Characteristics Research Of Wild Strain Agaricus Balchaschensis

Agaricus balchaschensis is a type of mushroom that belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricales, Agaricaceae, Agaricus. It is grown on the depressions of reed beds in Xinjiang, China. The fruiting body of this mushroom is often buried in the sand with characters such as large in size, having strong flavor and rich in nutrients. In this study, a wild mushroom isolate from a lake in Xinjiang was classified to Agaricus balchaschensis, using ITS-PCR, and the sequences blast in GeneBank. This mushroom was systemically analyzed for its biological and culturing characters, the basic artificial cultivation condition was studied. The main results were as followed:1. ClassificationThe wild mushroom isolate was classified to Agaricus balchaschensis, using ITS sequence blast and traditional classification. It belongs to Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricales, Agaricaceae, Agaricus.2. Biological characteristicsThe mycelium growth preference temperature of Agaricus balchaschensis was 20℃—30℃, and the optimum temperature was 25℃-30℃, the preference pH was 4.5-7.5 and the optimum pH was 6.0-7.0. Mycelium can grow normally under dark or weak light scattering (300Lux less) conditions, under dark condition,the mycelium was stout, thick, neat, under weak light the mycelium can grow faster with slender hyphae. The Mycelium of Agaricus balchaschensis grown best in the agar medium which glucose as carbon source, peptone as nitrogen source and add a certain amount of magnesium sulfate and inositol. The medium formula was that: glucose 20 g, peptone 1.5 g, magnesium sulfate 2 g, inositol 0.5 g, agar 20 g, water 1000 ml, pH6.5; mycelial growth suitable water content was 60%-70%,the optimum water content was 60%-65%.3.Cultivation conditionUsing mature material cultivating mode and planting materials, fermentation pretreatment more than 15 days, the cultivation effect was better, the medium was cotton seed hulls or peat soil, add 20% wheat bran,1% gypsum,1% superphosphate, and 1% brown sugar, the water content in the matrix was about 62%. During mycelium growth, the temperature was controlled at about 25℃, air humidity was 70%-75%. fruiting temperature was controlled at about 18℃, air humidity was 90%-95%, keeping the air fresh. There was not significantly different in harvest of fruiting body by soil-cover culture and none soil-cover culture.