Studies On The Change Regularity Of Eight Kinds Extracellular Enzyme Activity Characters Of Agaricus Balchaschensis

The Agaricus balchaschensis belongs to the family of Agaricaceae,Agaricus.It is a unique wild food medicinal fungus in Xinjiang.As the habitat of the Agaricus balchaschensis is seriously threatened,wild resources can no longer meet people’s demand.Therefore,the artificial domestication of the Agaricus balchaschensis and the meticulous exploration of its ability to use nutrients are even more pressing.In this study,the Agaricus balchaschensis,from the shores of Bosten Lake,were used as research objects for cryogenic preservation of strain.Tissue culture was used to investigate the effects of different culture media on the recovery of mycelium activity and further from the perspective of enzymology to explore the path of nutrition metabolism of the Agaricus balchaschensis,and analyze the degradation and utilization of macromolecular nutrients,in order to provide the basis for improving the biological efficiency of the Agaricus balchaschensis and fully tapping the potential of its internal use.The main results are as follows:(1)In the process of recovering activity of the Agaricus balchaschensis,by setting three kinds of different culture media,we found out the maximum daily growth and growth rate of mycelium in PDA enrichment medium was significantly better than that of PDA nature medium,and the maximum daily growth in PDA enrichment medium was.The growth rate was 15.7% and 23.1% higher than that of PDA nature medium.(2)In the two tested cottonseed husk cultures,we found out the cottonseed husk culture without adding sawdust was more suitable for the growth of mycelium of the Agaricus balchaschensis.The mycelium was in the medium of cottonseed husk without medium wood shavings.The maximum daily growth and growth rate were significantly higher than control cottonseed husk medium by 21.4% and 14.1%,respectively.(3)By investigating the mycelial growth potential in the mixed medium of 6 different proportions of wheat,it was found that the average daily growth rate was 6.66 mm/d in the mixed culture medium with rye,calcium carbonate,calcium oxide,and gypsum: significantly higher than other treatments;Together with the growth of wheat,calcium carbonate,gypsum medium,the total growth of mycelia reached 60.37 mm;in mycelium formula mixed with rye,mycelium white,thickness and growth are better than those of medium without rye.(4)The mycelium of the Agaricus balchaschensis umbrella can grow in 0～8min by UV light.The total growth of mycelium in the 2～6 min UV irradiation shows an increasing trend,and when the irradiation lighten 6 minutes,the total mycelial growth reached 74.37 mm,which was extremely higher than the total mycelia growth after 2 min irradiation.The mycelia filling time of 4 min and 6 min irradiation was the same,and the growth potential reached the best.(5)With carboxymethyl cellulose as a fixed carbon source,the peak activity of filter paper shown itself earliest,which was 0.238 U.The second peak of activity was carboxymethyl cellulose,0.406 U,and finally β-glucose,which was 1.233 U.There was little difference between peak value of filter paper enzyme and carboxymethyl cellulose enzyme,and the peak value of activity was 30.64% and 34.88% higher than the mean value,respectively.The β-glucosidase activity showed an increasing trend,and the peak value was 33.19% higher than the mean value of viability,which proved that the Agaricus balchaschensis had a certain ability to degrade cellulose.(6)By setting different carbon sources,the activity of 5 extracellular enzymes was determined.It was found that the peaks of different extracellular enzyme activities appeared inconsistent time and presented certain rules.The activities of pectinase and laccase were 0.783 U and 3.611 U,respectively.They peaked at the beginning of the culture cycle,and the peak activity was 29.4% and 64.2% higher than the mean value.Followed by xylanase,amylase,and protease,the peak activity was 1.553 U,1.065 U,and 4.704 U,respectively,and the average relative vitality was 40.23%,44.3%,and 41.75%,respectively.This proves that the Agaricus balchaschensis has different strengths in nutrient use,and there is a certain sequence.The lignin and pectin carbon sources are used by the mycelium before the cellulose,starch,and hemicellulose.(7)Induction of cellulase by different carbon sources showed that among the three carbon sources set,the maximum activity of carboxymethylcellulase appeared in the lactose-induced medium,which was 2.837 U.The substrate corresponding to the maximum activity of carboxymethyl cellulose was as follows: lactose,cellobiose,carboxymethyl cellulose;the maximum enzyme activity of filter paper was 1.397 U,and the maximum value corresponded to the substrate sequence and carboxymethyl fiber.Under the conditions of enzyme induction,the maximum β-glucosidase activity was 0.431 U.The maximum activity of the corresponding substrate was: cellobiose,carboxymethylcellulose,lactose-induced peak appeared in cellobiose-induced medium.Under the induction of three different carbon sources,the maximum activity of each cellulase was significantly higher than that of other carbon sources.