| This paper studies the flowering and fruiting habit of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. and the change of biological characteristics of the seeds in the growt process, and the determination of seeds, the influence on seed germination by seed soaking,temperature light,and desiccation tolerance of seed, permeability of seed coat, wet sand storage and dry storage effects on seed vigor.The results are as follows:1、Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. need 160 days from flowering to fruitripening. The flowers open in early April, and end in early May. The Flowering stage is late April.The fruits began to ripe the starting of August,and fall off entirely in mid-September. The rich period is August 15 to August 25. The flower of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz.is complete and small,but their number is very much. A single flower takes about 7 days to opening to withe.The average length of fruit is 13.35±0.43mm; and average width is 9.13±0.35mm, and average height is 11.04±0.58mm when the volume of fruits are the biggest.The average length of seed is 8.21±0.19mm,and average width is 7.02±0.18mm,and average height is 7.09±0.16mm after seeds mature. Fruits are purple black or purple red and seeds are black when they have ripend. The dry weight and fresh weight of seeds increases in the growth process, and the water content decreases, and finally stabilized. The average weight(grain weight) of the fresh ripe seed is 225.222g, and the average dry weight (grain weight) is 147.833g.The average moisture content of fresh seeds is about 33%.2、Determination of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. seed viability by TTC staining is more appropriate, the result is 92%,the result measuredby red ink is 37.33%.The seeds’ germination of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. soaking one day in warm water 35℃～45℃ is the most, and germination rate are over 80%. In same light,the seed germination is best in 25℃.The seed germination is 75.33%, and germination potential is 67.33%. The seed germination is worst is in 20℃.The seed germination is 63.33%and germination potential is 54%. In same temperature, the seed germination is best when optimal lighting conditions is lighting 12h a day.The seed germination is 87.33%, and germination potential is 76%. The seed germination is worst when there is no light.The seed germination is 46.67%and germination potential is 40%.3、The germination rate of seeds dried by silica ge reaches the maximum when their moisture content is about 8%. The maximum is 84%. The germination rate of seeds dried by natural air reaches the maximum when their moisture content is about 11%. The maximum is 83.33%. The germination rate of seeds dried in both cases gradually increased in few dehydrated days, then decreased rapidly after reaching maximum, and the moisture are both balance when they are dehydrated to a certain extent. The seeds of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz.can dehydrate to a certain extent, but not too low, otherwise the seeds will lose vigor.The peeled seeds of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. reach saturation when they have absorbed 8h. The tmaximum absorption rate is 139.68mg /(g·h). The completed seeds of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. reach saturation when they have absorbed 60h.The tmaximum absorption rate is 28.25mg/(g·h). The seed coat of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. can be permeable, but permeability is poor.4、The seeds of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. could not dry storage at 5℃ refrigerator, wet stand storage at 5℃ could not only maintain a high vigor, but also relieve seed dormancy, it’s a suitable storage methods.The seeds dride by natural air of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand.-Mazz. would not germinatewhen they are directly stored at 5℃ refrigerator. Only removing the seed coat can germinate and germination rate is low. Within a certain time, the germination rate would increasing with storage time when seeds are storage in wet stand. The germination rate reaches maximum when it is storaged for four months.The maximum is 90.67%, then it gradually declined. When the seeds maintained a high water content, there had no correlation between water content and germination rate. The content of soluble sugar in seed storage by wet sand and soaking is most,which is 26.07%, its protein substances is middle. Protein substances is most in seed storage by wet sand,which is 18.05%.The soluble sugar and protein substances in new seed are both lowest. Wet sand storage could change the content of soluble sugar and protein substances in seed, soaking the seeds in hot water could increasing the soluble sugar, and reducing the content of protein degradation. Wet stand storage and then soaking in hot water could effectively promote seed germination of Cinnamomum septe Hand.-Mazz.. |
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