Research On The Lifetime Of Wireless Sensor Networks In Forest Fire Monitoring

The forest fire is a serious threat to the health of forest, and the forest fire monitoring is an important method to protect the forest. This dissertation introduces the present situation and the main technologies of forest fire monitoring. The monitoring technique based on wireless sensor network (WSN) is novel. We introduce the WSN and its features; it is very suitable for forest fire monitoring, then a monitoring system based on WSN is proposed. The WSN is lack of ability in data processing and geospatial analytics, so it is difficult to complete the monitoring task alone. We combine it with GIS system to make up the shortage of WSN and enhance the accuracy and efficiency of system. The nodes in WSN are powered by battery so their energy is limited. The nodes near the base stations need forward data for other nodes, so their energy depletion early, this leads to the problem of uneven energy consumption among WSN nodes. A multiple mobile base stations energy consumption balance algorithm which can solve this problem is proposed, the algorithm takes into account the specific situation of the forest, and make use of the divide of balanced sub circuit and strategy of the base stations moving periodically in forest roads, finally solved the problem of uneven energy consumption of the nodes near the base stations. We take the theoretical analysis for approximation degree, effectiveness, time and space complexity of the algorithm, the result of theoretical analysis proved the correctness and feasibility of the algorithm; we also take the simulation experiments to show that the proposed algorithm has a better performance compared with SDMA and DAWN algorithm. Wireless sensor networks based on mobile base station has relatively long service time in the forest fire monitoring, and can ensure the system work for a long time, so as to ensure the health of the forest.