The Correlation Coefficient Between Soil Environmental Factors And The Growth Of Platycodon Grandiflorum In Anhui

Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A.DC is an Asterales Campanulaceae Platycodon perennial herb. Platycodon grandiflorum is not only a kind of medicinal plant and vegetable, but it is beautiful as a flower. As a good medicinal and nutritional plant in north of Anhui, many farmers of Bozhou and Taihe choose to plant it.The correlation between soil environment and agronomic characters of Platycodon grandiflorum was discussed and we had some conclusion as follow.1. Because the two-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum was worth more than the three-year-old, two-year-old didn’t need another year to grow up. The main agronomic characters of Platycodon grandiflorum of two-year-old and three-year-old were determinated as follws, plant height, stem diameter, root length, primary branches, secondary branches, number of flowers per plant, number of buds per plant, the number of fruits per plant, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, and fresh and dry weight of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, buds, fruit, aboveground part and total biomass. Through the study of agronomic characters of two-year-old and three-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum, it had been found that three-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum was lower than two-year-old in most agronomic characters and fresh and dry weight of each tissue. Roots were the medicinal part of Platycodon grandiflorum. In the changes of root characteristics between two-year-old and three-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum, it had been found that two-year-old was stronger than three-year-old in each root characteristic. So the growth of two-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum was better than three-year-old in Taihe. In addition, to choose a better plant of Platycodon grandiflorum in full-blossom period, the leaf areas was a good target.2. Several soil environmental factors of Platycodon grandiflorum in full-blossom period had been measured as follows, temperature, humidity, dew temperature and illumination on the ground,10cm deep soil temperature,15cm deep soil temperature, soil respiration. During the day, the weather was hot, the air was dry, and the soil temperature was above 20℃. In the middle of the day, the temperature on the ground was almost 60℃, and the humidity on the ground was under 30%. This had much rejection capability for the growth and photosynthesis of Platycodon grandiflorum. But the soil respiration was different, the soil respiration was more active throughout the day. In addition, the number and kind of soil microorganism before and after harvest time of Platycodon grandiflorum even had been measured. It had been found that through the winter, the ability of soil microorganism decreased, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased by an order of magnitude. But on the whole, the Shannon-Winner index, Pielou index, Simpson index of soil microorganism didn’t decrease more.3.The correlation coefficient among main agronomic characters and soil physical-chemical properties, soil respiration, soil microorganism of Platycodon grandiflorum told us, the correlation coefficient between two-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum and soil environmental factors was less than three-year-old. It has been found that something from the correlation coefficient between soil environmental factors and the roots weight of three-year-old Platycodon grandiflorum, the phosphate fertilizer had the biggest impact on the weight of roots, the lower was the nitrogen fertilizer, and the lowest was the potash fertilizer. In the microorganism side, the actinomycete had the biggest impact, than the phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, and the fungus had negative impact.4. The soil bacteria, actinomyces and fungus had been changed, because the soil was planted for some years by Platycodon grandiflorum. That may be the reason of succession cropping obstacle and the effect on after reap crop of Platycodon grandiflorum. To search good crop for crop rotation of Platycodon grandiflorum, wheat, radish and soybean with Platycodon grandiflorum has been test. We used the leach liquor of the overground part and root part to treat the seeds and seedlings of that three kind of crop. The treatment showed that when the leach liquor in low concentration the experimental crop was auxo-action, and high concentration the crop was inhibiting effect. In comprehensive judgment, the influence of Platycodon grandiflorum for three crops didn’t have some differences. Relatively, the radish was better than other crops to be rotation of crops of Platycodon grandiflorum. In the actual situation, the seeding time of wheat and the harvest time of Platycodon grandiflorum was closed. As recommendation, the wheat was better than other crops to be rotation of crops of Platycodon grandiflorum.