| The city is the center of the regional society, economy and culture, our country isunder a period of rapid urbanization, with the process of urbanization, improving theefficiency of urbanization is the precondition of urban sustainable development. Taking the44cities of Bohai-rim as the research object, this paper chose urban fixed asset investment,urban built area, urban employment and urban fiscal expenditure as input indicators, andchose the non-agricultural production value proportion, the proportion of urban populationas output indicators，then established evaluation index system. Firstly, this paper analyzedand evaluated the course of development of Bohai-rim city, and uses DEA model andMalmquist index to evaluate urbanization efficiency of44cities in Bohai-rim from the twodimensions of time and space, then analyzed regional differences of urbanization efficiencyin Bohai-rim deeply. Secondly, This paper analyzed of the mechanism of urbanizationefficiency qualitatively, the influence factors on city efficiency was screened by usingmultiple regression model, and explored the mechanism of the effect，selected the influencefactors of urbanization efficiency with multiple regression model， and explored themechanism of the effect deeply. On this basis, according to the different types of cities, thispaper proposed measures and proposals to increase urbanization efficiency.Results of the evaluation of Bohai-rim urbanization efficiency indicated:(1) Puretechnical efficiency in urbanization efficiency as an example, pure technical efficiency valueof Bohai-rim urbanization efficiency was0.905in2012, this was in the non-effective, andwhich meant that input factors of city did not achieve the optimal production scale efficiencyand the resources waste phenomenon is obvious during urbanization;(2) Scale efficiency inurbanization efficiency as an example, scale efficiency value in Bohai-rim urbanizationefficiency was0.920in2012,which meant that the difference between urbanizationinvestment factors and optimal production scale numerical under effective condition waslarge;(3) Scale reward as an example, the urbanization efficiency of10cities of Bohai-rimwas in constant scale reward, which meant the DEA validity was achieved, and Scale rewardof15cities was Increasing, other19cities was diminishing in2012;(4) Bohai-rimurbanization efficiency showed the change was fluctuation process which was increasing and then decreasing, then increasing decreasing from2000to2012.The mean value of Bohai-rimMalmquist index was0.982from.2000to2012, which meant urbanization efficiency was inunreasonable growth stage, Technological invalid changes was the main reason for theoverall Bohai-rim urbanization efficiency declining. In recent years, Bohai-rim urbanizationaccelerated the investment scale and construction scale of Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Hebeiand Liaoning has increased significantly. The expansion of city scale made the overallBohai-rim obtain certain economic efficiency and large scale effect, however, thedevelopment of the city still belonged to extensive development mode to promote the role oftechnological progress.Results of regional differences of Bohai-rim urbanization efficiency indicated:(1)From the urbanization efficiency spatial pattern evolution, efficient cities of Bohai-rimurbanization efficiency was from dispersion to concentration from2000to2012,mostlyconcentrating in Hebei and Shandong province, and medium urbanization efficiency citiesdistribution has been in a state of dispersion. Urbanization efficiency of the cities with highurbanization was generally low, for example, Beijing, Tianjin, Ji’nan, which showed thatwith urbanization improving, urbanization efficiency did not improve, it mainly reflected inunreasonable internal structure, wasting resources and so on, and cities were in malignantdevelopment process;(2) From the conditions in various provinces, rapid economic growthin Shandong province, urbanization accelerating and combined with the gradual formation ofcity group of Shandong Peninsula in Shandong province made the development morevibrant, urbanization efficiency relatively high from2000to2012; The development ofBeijing and Tianjin led to the development of the surrounding area, especially Tangshan,Lang fang developing quickly; Most cities in Liaoning province belonged to the resourcescity, with the depletion of resources, cities,development needed transformation, the citiesdevelopment efficiency decreased during this period, which explained the development ofthe cities still needed further optimization.Through the model and data analysis, economic development, urban infrastructure,urban agglomeration level had a positive role in promoting urbanization efficiency;government efforts to public regulation, urban space population bearing capacity efficiencyhad a negative effect on urbanization efficiency, in the factors of Bohai-rim urbanization efficiency influence.Finally, in combination with the practical situation of the cities in Bohai-rim and theevaluation results, according to the different types of cities, from the industrial structure,regional cooperation, the functions of the government, urban infrastructure construction, etc.,put forward the corresponding measures and the suggestion to improve urbanizationefficiency, in order to promote the sustainable development of cities in Bohai-rim. |
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