Design Of Shelter In Rural And Small Towns

The rural and small towns are the weak link in urban and rural disaster prevention system, in the same situation, rural population casualties and economic losses are much higher than the city. The refuge is one of the important facilities post-disaster emergency evacuation, it is difficult to quickly improve buildings and lifeline facilities under the condition of disaster prevention ability at present, we can effectively reduce disaster losses and rapidly improve the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation of the village through the planning and construction. This paper measures the per capita in shelter, based on the existing urban planning and design index. And it puts forward the layout, with the rural primary and secondary schools as the research object, excepting to provide a reference for the designs.Based on the analysis of shelter type and function, the thesis gives shelter the function orientation of school shelter in rural and small towns. It provides the per capita index on the basis of lying and considering the influencing factors of refuge, conditions and requirements of the standards.It analyzes the feasibility of teaching buildings, offices and living rooms for shelters. According to the current shelter design specification and the per capita area index, and taking 9000mm×7200mm classroom, 8400mm×6900mm classroom as examples, then using 1500mm×750mm folding beds, 19100mm×760mm airbeds and 1900mm×900mm ordinary mattresses as bedding, the paper gives the shelter designs of emergency accommodation.It studies school sports venues and green space as a refuge. According to the current shelter design specification and the per capita area index, the paper based on the designing requirements gives the shelter design of emergency accommodation by 12 m2 tent, and then it gives example designs of 400 m,300m,200 m circular track playground.It puts forward the designs of school shelter layout, indoor shelter accommodation area and outdoor refuge accommodation and provides a reference for the designs, according to the Shijiatong school.