Study On The Location Of Fixed Refuge In Small Mountainous Cities Based On The Vulnerability Of Buildings

The planning and construction of urban resident emergency congregate shelter is an important part of urban calamity proof and calamity reduction planning,which is related to the evacuation,disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction.After disaster,not everyone needs to stay in resident emergency congregate shelter,only the homeless people need for long-term refuge to get through the post-disaster reconstruction.Reasonable location of resident emergency congregate shelter can achieve the goal of minimizing the maximum utility.This paper takes Dongchuan District of Kunming city as a case study,the construction of earthquake disaster vulnerability based on the known damage matrix for earthquake damage matrix forecast and the forecast of regional architecture,building the damage area,combined with the homeless population forecast model,forecast Dongchuan District in 9 degree seismic fortification intensity under the condition of the community homeless population.According to the homeless population distribution,analyze the layout problems from two aspects of resident emergency congregate shelter security and service efficiency,and put forward the corresponding planning suggestions aiming at the layout problem.Through the analysis of Dongchuan city building structure vulnerability,predict the homeless population,combined with the status quo of the layout of fixed shelter,we can draw the following conclusions:(1)through the literature synthesis and analysis of Dongchuan city residential construction research,the residential building according to the structure types are divided into three categories,the civil structure,brick masonry structure and frame structure,three structure types of residential area accounted for 5.33%,43.38%,51.29%.At 9 degree(fortification intensity of Dongchuan),civil structure and unconsidered seismic protection low layer brick structure dwellings damage are more serious,over moderate damage area reached 81.41%and 90.2%;the high-level seismic frame structure housing seismic damage prediction results are relatively minor,9,5%of the total framework of the residential area.(2)In the area of 9 degree seismic intensity,there will be 46900 homeless people,which accounts for 54.27%of all people;the highest number of the long-term refuge demand in Naga village,4128 people,reached to the total number of community 84.69%.The homeless high population density areas were located in the Nuogu,Shengou,Lali village and Xiangpeng,Xianghe,Jinqiao,Shaba community,there should pay more attention to guide the evacuation when the quake struck.(3)According to the safety assessment of Dongchuan resident emergency congregate shelter,it can be learned that Wetland Park is located in the influence area of mud-rock flow;Tongdu middle school were in influence area of the gas station of 1000m buffer;the stadium and the People's Park received the influence of gully and gas station,they have a big risk.Therefore Tongdu middle school should prevent gas station accidental explosion caused,and the stadium,the People's Park and Wetland park should not be used as resident emergency congregate shelter.(4)Effective service area of the fixed shelters can cover 64.3%of the urban area in Dongchuan.According to per capita 4m2 refuge area,the total effective capacity can meet 50100 people take a long term refuge,accounting for 67.6%of the total population of the city.It is greater than the total demand for the middle and long term forecast of the refuge population.But in the general layout,effective fixed shelter can only serve 50600 people.There are only 17200 people to need the long-term shelter within the service area.There are 29700 homeless people out of the reasonable grade of service.(5)The Service overlap rate of the fixed shelter is on the high side and service area ratio is low.That is not conducive to use fixed shelter places efficiently.The majority concentrated in the South and the North have large gap.We should pay more attention to the northern part of the city in the future construction planning.In the light of above problem,this paper makes the following proposals:1)accelerate to update the of old residential buildings and reinforce the masonry structure residential,reduce significant casualties and economic losses caused by the earthquake disaster;2)improve the construction of resident emergency congregate shelter of the northern.Improving the status of the northern city lack of fixed shelter,and create a more perfect city disaster prevention and disaster relief system;3)make sure the reasonable construction of urban evacuation guiding facilities.Evacuate the long-term asylum population to fixed shelters reasonably to avoid a fixed shelter is too crowded or not fully use;4)perfect the fixed shelter facilities in the security configuration,ensure the basic life security of the homeless in the resident emergency congregate shelter.