Analysis And Optimization Of The Structure Of The Crane Boom

Cranes are widely applied in the fields of transportation, port, civil construction, mine, chemical engineering, water conservation, municipal garden and so on. As the main loading part of the crane, the performance of the crane boom directly decides the performance of the whole machine. This paper mainly carries on the structural analysis and optimization of the large tonnage folding boom with the crane. It completes the modeling, finite element analysis, experimental verification, stability analysis, fatigue life evaluation and optimization design for reducing weight. The main research contents of this paper are as follows:(1) An overview of the development status of the domestic and foreign evelopment of the truck crane is analyzed.(2) Using the Pro/E software to model the crane arm of the crane, the model is imported into the Workbench for analysis and processing. In order to measure the influence of the hydraulic rod, the cylinder’s structure and various auxiliary mechanisms on the stiffness and strength of the boom, the four models are established. It is found that the hydraulic lever and the hydraulic auxiliary structure can be simplified, but the nonlinear contact between the telescopic boom and the slider is considered in the actual working condition.(3) The static analysis of the boom is carried out, and the results show that the maximum stress of the boom is far less than the yield strength of the material. Compared with the experimental data, the error is within 10%, which proves that it’s reliable to conduct finite element analysis.(4) Implement a dynamic analysis of the lifting arm and extract the vibration frequency of different working conditions from X, Y, Z axis directions. They all meet the design requirements. Besides, through comparing different working conditions, it finds that the modal frequency of the telescopic boom has nothing to do with the loading condition.(5) The stability of the boom is analyzed. It finds that the main problem is local buckling and the position of the arm is lower. The whole model of the crane boom is good stability and its fatigue life is about 1.386e6 times circulation.(6) Through the structure optimization, the weight of the telescopic boom is reduced by 0.3657 tons, which is about 10.86%, and the utilization rate of the material is improved.The research of this paper is to provide guidance for the design of similar products, and the analysis of the method of the degree of freedom and the effect of large deformation of hydraulic rod can also provide reference for the optimization design of other machinery.