The Observation And Study On Garden History In Ancient City Of Chengtoushan, Country Li, Hunan

ChengToushan old city is built the earliest prehistoric city in the history of our country so far.From the 90s of the 20th century to 21 century, From the 90s of the 20th century to 21 century, Archaeological institute of Hunan province have conducted for a 20 years archaeological excavations of the old city. Academic have made a lot of achievements on the city history, function, significance and archaeological discovery research, however, at present very few based on based on a large number of archaeological research results for research on the history of landscape architecture.In this paper, combining archaeology to study the Chengtoushan with the perspective of landscape, the research mainly has following several aspects:(1) Refer to a large number of archaeological materials and related research literature, has been clear about the related concepts of the ChengToushan landscape history research;Carefully studying and researching related to the history of landscape and previous research achievements, summarized the previous studies deficiencies, then put forward the research purpose, research content, research methods and technical route of this article.(2) According to the research of the ChengToushan excavation report, sorting, classification, induction content of archaeological excavations, clarifying the ChengToushan major archaeological findings in the report, and then studied and verified the relic property of the city, the paddy fields, sacrifice and burial sites.(3) After reading a lot of city of origin and the literature of the origins of civilization, summed up the dynamics of urban origin are settled, food supplies, handicraft industry and market, trade, religion and the management and defense. At the same time, used the settlement pattern analysis to compared the Chengtoushan ancient city with some typical prehistoric cities,systematic sort out the basis of the "city",described and demonstrated aspects of ChengToushan old civilization,concluded that ChengToushan is in the stage of the origins of the ancient city, is China’s earliest known ancient civilization.(4) Based on archaeological findings, with the landscape perspective, sort out, classified, summarized the relics and reminds related to landscape in ChengToushan. Combined with Cognitive archaeological theory and make a reasonable imagination and speculation, proposed the view that it exists prehistoric garden and the sprout of classical gardens in ChengToushan, and explored the main landscape architecture types have the earth landscape and prehistoric sacrificial garden which reflect on three types the altar temple gardens, temple gardens and cemetery; analyzed the three prehistoric sacrificial garden on the aspects of sacrifice object, sacrifice contents, space layout, landscape materials, function and so on, while took some prehistoric sites in Liyang plain which have reminds and materials to research as evidences to confirm the conclusion that ChengToushan’s prehistoric sacrificial garden is in the early stage of classical ritual garden budding to enrich the prehistoric landscape research data, provide archaeological reference materials for our country landscape history.