Study On Ancient Gardens In Lingbao City,Henan Province

Local garden landscape is an important carrier of regional culture.Lingbao City is located at the junction of Henan,Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces,so its gardens have obvious regional characteristics.Lingbao was called Taolin,Hongnong and Hengnong in ancient times,belonging to the realm of Guo.It was renamed "Lingbao" in Tang Dynasty and is still in use today.The Hangu Pass in its territory is the source of Taoism and the pass of Qin.From the mouth of the Inner Mongolia River,the Yellow River turns sharply southward to the Fengling River in the northwest of Lingbao and turns eastward.With its unique geographical location and geomorphic features of the mountains and loess hilly tableland,it provides the natural foundation for the ancient Lingbao gardens.Under the background of traditional culture construction,new requirements for the relationship between human and nature are put forward in the 14 th Five-Year Plan of our country,therefore,it is particularly important to supplement local history of Lingbao city,explore the application of local ancient garden culture,explore local tourism cultural resources,create garden city.Lingbao City is deeply influenced by natural and human factors.There are many ancient gardens in its history,which can be divided into royal gardens,private gardens,mausoleum gardens,academy gardens,temple gardens,ancestral temple gardens,government offices gardens and public gardens,etc.,according to the types of gardens.However,the present situation of Lingbao City’s ancient gardens is worrying.There is a lack of systematic research reports on this area in academic circles.Through the study of historical documents and archaeological data,this paper takes the ancient gardens of Lingbao City as the research object.Based on the analysis of Hangu Pass and the ancient city,combined with historical documents and the overall development context of the history of Chinese ancient gardens,it conducts a comprehensive study on the background,development stage,garden types and garden elements of the ancient gardens of Lingbao City,and builds a framework system.On this basis,combined with the field investigation,the existing problems of ancient gardens were found,combined with the theory and practical application of ancient gardens,and the development suggestions were put forward.This study consists of seven parts as follows:The first part is literature review,which defines the research object,defines the region and time range of the research,expounds the purpose and significance of the research,and summarizes the research status and research methods of local landscape history.The second part from the geographical location,geomorphology,water system,plants and other natural factors as well as social and human factors,analysis of the ancient garden construction background foundation of Lingbao City,gully area,caves in loess hilly area,slope roof house in plain area and so on.The third part combs the development history of Lingbao ancient gardens,namely from ancient times to the end of the Qing Dynasty,has experienced five stages: origin,generation,development,prosperity and maturity.The fourth part takes the time as the clue and the garden type as the guide to analyze the typical examples of ancient gardens in Lingbao City,including Hanguu Pass,Huangdi Mausoleum,Guo Zhou Three Tang,Xuan You Palace,Shangyang Palace,Taoyuan Palace,etc.The fifth part summarizes the elements of ancient Lingbao landscape architecture from the perspectives of mountain landscape,water landscape,garden plants and landscape architecture,explores the characteristics of garden art and culture,and provides elements and paradigm reference for the construction of Lingbao cultural landscape.The sixth part analyzes the cultural characteristics of Lingbao ancient garden from the aspects of Confucianism,Buddhism,Taoism,feng shui thought and local celebrities.The seventh part describes the present situation of Lingbao ancient gardens,combined with the cultural application of Lingbao ancient gardens,and puts forward suggestions on the development of public space.The attached table shows the chronology of Lingbao ancient gardens and the Latin names of the main plants in the text.