Study On Historical Villas And Gardens In Urban Areas Of Rome

As the popular historic city in European Union, Rome is regarded as the birthplace of western civilization, and is also the catholic center in the world. Its culture which is different from other Italian cities or important European cities caused roman own unique landscape art. After the collapse of Roman Empire, the city has been the capital of the Papal State, the Kingdom of Italy and Italy Republic. The dissertation mainly discussed the historic villas and gardens around the seven hills and outside the ancient roman walls of Rome with the influences of social and political changes in different phases.In main six chapters, classified into six important constructions periods such as ancient roman garden, early renaissance garden, high renaissance garden, early baroque garden, high baroque garden and modern reformation of gardens, the main villas and gardens studied in the paper were restricted in the scope of Rome city blocks in modern times. Those gardens located in the areas between urban and rural zones are more original and classical models than the rural gardens in old times and represented the historic changes with the society upheaval which were not alike in scale, layout and function with the real rural ones. And these gardens should be considered as the significant research resources and proofs of Italian renaissance and baroque times. That is why the paper not includes the rural villas and gardens. There was no garden construction in middle age so there was blank in the framework of the thesis.Based on each social historic background, the dissertation analyzed the theories changes in the development of garden design, and further discussed the relationship between gardens with social classes, land supplies, water privileges, and artistic trends in ancient, renaissance, baroque and modern periods. Through masses of documents collections and sites investigations, the typical villas and gardens could be analyzed and sorted out into different types in general; the engraving plans and perspective pictures of villas and gardens were mainly studied in detail by the method of iconography and finally summarized space elements and layout features of these gardens.In the last chapter the thesis concluded the characters of the villas and gardens in city of Rome, explained the major influences of roman gardens on other Italian cities and European countries and the main role played in roman city Greenland System. The paper supported considerable iconographic and literature materials in Roman garden research and made the basis for the further studies in domestic. However, with the complex research data and lack of investigation time, there could be a pity in the cases studies of the dissertation.