| Construction of acoustic landscape in Chinese classical garden have been around for a long time.Wind,rain,birds twitter,insects and other natural sounds are carefully organized in a traditional garden,showing a unique sound conception.Countries all over the world are conducted in the areas of soundscape and acoustic ecology research,research area involves city parks,tourist attractions, residential areas and other public open spaces, but studies on soundscape in university campus are rare.Combined with relevant practical experiences and theoretical researches and taking the South Campus of Northwest A&F University as the research object, this paper makes an analysis and investigation to the soundscape in campus from objective evaluation and subjective evaluation. On this basis,upgrade strategies and methods are discussed.The results showed:(1) Seen from the objective data,the campus soundscape comprises both the artificial and natural sound, with the natural one in the majority which covers 34.7% of all sorts; There are some regularities of the sound levels and the temporal distribution of soundscape. It is closely connected with the students’ study and living rhythm. Traffic noise in the campus peaks at 12:00 and 18:00.Luanshu Road,East Gate and English Corner are almost all day disturbed by traffic noise,Melia Plaza interferes with the boiler room all day, other measuringpoints is relatively quiet,only in individual sessions are interfered by noise.(2) Subjective questionnaire analysis showed that, subjective loudness to some extent reflects acoustical level.But it has no correlation with favorability and coordination. Favorability was highly correlated with coordination of campus soundscape.Covering space and enclosed space of plant have a strong isolation effect on noise source, which is favorable to creat acoustic landscape.(3) Puts forward the sugestion of campus soundscape construction:Eliminate the noise of traffic,the noise of boiler room, the noise of moter vehicle and so on.Furthermore, by increasing waterscape,trees that can make sound, as well as pavilions,gallerys than can be used as wonderful places to listen the soundscape,the scene can be more richer and more deeper.(4) The strategy of planning and design for campus soundscape: The construction of new campus in Colleges and universities should pay attention to the site selection, follow the principle of suburbanization, and avoid the serious noise pollution in the future urban planning. Taking acoustic element as an important element of the landscape elements into the landscape design category and strictly control the influence of the traffic noise. Between different functional areas,such as quiet teaching activity area and noisy buildings(structures),it should set far enough isolation belt,which with abundant levels and carefully designed to achieve noise reduction effect. The sound insulation standard of building structure in campus should be based on the function of sound insulation and noise reduction, in addition to the corresponding national standard. |
