Research On Evaluation Of Soundscape In Shengyang Riverside Park

Urban riverside park is an active place where natural and social factors blend with each other in the city,It has rich and varied elements of soundscape.However,due to the late start of the research on soundscape in China,the landscape design of park is mainly based on visual landscape design,while ignoring the soundscape design,which often causes the problem of inconsistency between soundscape and environment.In view of the particularity of urban riverside parks compared with other parks,this paper researchs the soundscape of Shenyang riverside parks from the perspective of soundscape,aiming at exploring the effect of tree,shrub and grass coverage on A sound level of soundscape,and finding out the factors influencing tourists' perception and evaluation of soundscape of riverside parks,so as to provide some reference for soundscape design of Shenyang riverside parks.This paper summarizes and interprets the relevant literature of soundscape,clarifies the purpose and method of the research,and then carries out research work on two typical riverside parks in Shenyang: Wul Li River Park and Olympic Ecological Park.Firstly,the elements of soundscape in two typical riverside parks are investigated and recorded;secondly,the A sound level of soundscape in two typical riverside parks is measured by WS1361 sound level meter,and the A sound level distribution map of the soundscape is drawn by Arc GIS 10.2 software.The A sound level of soundscape of park is evaluated by noise pollution index method,and the effect of coverage of trees,shrubs and grasses on A sound level of soundscape was discussed.Thirdly,by means of questionnaire survey,tourists' perception and evaluation of soundscape in Shenyang riverside park were investigated.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The soundscape of riverside park in Shenyang is composed of natural sound,living sound and artificial sound.Among them,there are 25 types of soundscape in Wu Li River Park,the proportion of natural sound,living sound and artificial sound is 32%,28% and 40%.There are 23 types of soundscape in Olympic Ecological Park,the proportion of natural sound,living sound and artificial sound is 30%,26% and 44%.The distribution and change of A sound level of soundscape of riverside park in Shenyang are mainly affected by the number of tourists,recreational behavior of tourists and some artificial sounds.The noise pollution index PN of A sound level of soundscape in Shenyang riverside park is more than 0.75,but less than 1,which the noise pollution index PN of A sound level of soundscape in Wu Li River Park is 0.773,the noise pollution index PN of A sound level of soundscape in Olympic Ecological Park is 0.793,and the A sound level of soundscape in the two parks is in the fourth level classification of noise pollution index as a whole,but there are some scenic spots whose A sound level of soundscape conforms to the secondary classification standard of noise pollution index,such as Wu Li River Park jungle ornamental area.The tree and shrub coverage is highly negatively correlated with the A sound level of soundscape,while grass cover is not significantly correlated with the A sound level of soundscape,which shows that improving tree and shrub coverage can reduce the A sound level of soundscape.(2)From the tourists' perception and evaluation of the soundscape of Shenyang riverside park,it is concluded that the determinant coefficient R2 of the favorability and subjective loudness of soundscape in Wu Li River Park is 0.437,the determinant coefficient R2 of the favorability and subjective loudness of soundscape in the Olympic Ecological Park is 0.410,which indicates that the tourists' preference to the soundscape is affected by the subjective loudness about 40%,and the tourists' preference to the soundscape is not directly affected by subjective loudness.The determinant coefficient R2 of the favorability and coordination degree of soundscape in Wu Li River Park is 0.956,and that of Olympic Ecological Park is 0.963,R2 approaching 1,it shows that the tourists' soundscape preference is affected by the coordination of soundscape and environment,which accounts for more than 90%.,the tourists' preference for soundscape varies with the coordination of soundscape and environment,Soundscape is an indispensable part of the overall landscape design.The spatial distribution of soundscape in riverside park in Shenyang City is comparatively consistent with the functional zoning of the park.However,due to the lack of good park management,the soundscape spatial characteristics of some scenic spots are not obvious,such as field courts and tennis courts in Wu Li River Park.Finally,according to the research conclusions and the relevant soundscape design theory,in view of the inadequacies of the soundscape in Shenyang riverside park,the following improvement suggestions are put forward: reducing and controlling the negative impact of artificial sound;introducing natural sound and artificial tone reasonably;strengthening the soundscape management and advertising work.