The Study About Natural And Geographical Factors On Rural Landscape Spatial Structure In Northeastern Hainan Island

With the launch of large-scale urbanization and rural tourism, more and more people conduct research on rural landscape, so as the Hainan Island’s countryside, where it is located in South China Sea. This paper based on Landscape Ecology, Architecture, Settlement Geography and other subjects, mainly as the northeastern part of the four cities and counties of Hainan for the study objects, to explore natural and geographical factors’ impact on rural landscape siting, layout, spatial structure within the village, relationship between villages and the external environment, provide basic research and important theoretical reference for Hainan rural landscape construction and structural layout of the new rural space.Contract to the mainland, Hainan Island has a certain characteristics of closeness and inward in geographical, what makes Hainan Island has less exchange and has less affected with outside world, therefore, Hainan Island village has a certain independence, a certain degree of particularity and research value. According to the characteristics and geographical terrain, villages in northeastern Hainan Island are divided into four types: platform type village, plain type village, coastal and riverside type of rural countryside. What affect the spatial structure of the countryside are natural geographical factors and social and human factors, this thesis mainly study the effects of natural and geographical factors on village spatial structure, natural and geographical factors divided into climate, topography, hydrology and vegetation four factors.This paper systematically analysis the impact of spatial structure of various natural and geographical factors on the different types of rural landscape, mainly study the impact of natural and geographical factors of Hainan rural landscape spatial structure of the micro and macro levels. At the micro level, analyze the impact of various natural and geographical factors such as the structure of the internal space of the village buildings, courtyards, streets, vegetation and other landscape spatial structure, at the macro level, analysis of the impact of natural and geographical factors on village siting, scale villages, villages form, contact outside the village, the village outside (forests, farmland, water, etc.) and other landscape spatial structure, to clear the impact of natural and geographical factors on the spatial structure of the rural landscape, and summarize rural landscape spatial structure’s characteristics of northeastern Hainan Island under the influence of natural and geographical factors.