Research On Pavilion Of Synthesis Parks In Shanghai

Pavilion, as “the eye of gardening”, is the most energetic part oflandscape architectures. This paper adopts documentary researchmethodology and field study method to analyze and summarize thecharacteristics of scale, style, materials and location selection of pavilionsthrough research on comprehensive parks in Shanghai. The researchproceeds to analyze the characteristics of pavilion landscape space,aiming to provide valuable information and guidelines for locationselection, design and reformation of not only pavilions in Shanghai parksbut also other types of landscape architectures.Based on the data collected on the spot and provided by the parks,the author carries out the research on characteristics of pavilions inShanghai from three aspects:(1) Through qualitative and quantitative analysis of influencingfactors of pavilions, this paper describes and summarizes thecharacteristics of scale, style and material of pavilions.(2) This paper summarizes the characteristics of locations ofpavilions, and, combined with types of pavilion landscape space,introduces the Narrative Rhythm Theory to analyze the characteristics of narrative landscape space of pavilions.(3) Based on the conclusions above, the author comments on thecharacteristics of pavilions, summarizes the current problems, andprovides valuable suggestions for pavilion design and reforming.This paper draws several conclusions through research and analysis:(1) Characteristics of pavilion scale: There is highly significantpositive correlation between pavilion construction area (Y) and park area(X1), and also between pavilion construction area (Y) and parkarchitecture construction area (X3). The linear regression equations areY=4.134X1+33.102and Y=0.029X3-77.3793separately. There is nosignificant positive correlation between pavilion construction percentageand other influencing factors. But based on the data of pavilionconstruction percentage, the author draws two conclusions:①Theaverage of pavilion construction percentage in periods1840to1949and1950-1978reached the highest0.07%.②The average of pavilionconstruction percentage in parks which range from19ha to40ha reachthe highest0.086%.(2) Characteristics of pavilion styles: There are three styles incomprehensive parks: Archaize Pavilions, Modern Pavilions andEuropean style Pavilions, their proportions being54%,42%, and4%respectively. There are some kind of relationships between styles ofpavilions and construction period of parks:①82%of pavilions built in the period1840to1978were Archaize Pavilion.②90%of pavilionsbuilt since1979are Modern Pavilions.(3) Characteristics of pavilion materials: Six major groups ofpavilion materials are wood, bamboo, thatch, stone, concrete and othermaterials. Pavilions made of concrete reach67%, the highest percentageamong all pavilions. There are also relationships between the material ofpavilions and the scale and construction period of parks:85%of pavilionswere made of concrete in the period1840to1978, but the percentage hasdecreased to18%since1979. Plenty of new materials have appeared inparks.(4) Characteristics of pavilion location: There are three majorlocations of pavilions in parks: water, hill and land. The percentages ofthese three types of pavilion location are50%,32%,18%respectively.Each type has its own subtypes.(5) Narrative landscape space characteristics of pavilions: the authorcombines the theory of narration and the types of pavilion locations,categorizes four narrative landscape spaces of pavilions, and summarizescharacteristics of space types, narrative themes, narrative routes, andnarrative contents of pavilions.（6）Comments and suggestions on pavilions in comprehensiveparks: Based on the analysis of problems, combined with practical cases,this paper proposes guidelines and principles for the optimality of pavilions in parks.①As for the style of a pavilion, coexistenceprinciple of conformity and diversity should be followed.②As for thematerial of a pavilion, choices can be made from three aspects: First,traditional local materials; Second, the use of modern materials to expresstradition; Third, the contrast and harmonization of old and new materials.③As for the location of a pavilion, two principles should be adopted:First, attention should be paid to the combination of different elements ofa park to enrich the location options. Second, the pavilion style shouldagree with its environmental style to form the identical epoch features.Major innovations and deficiencies of this paper: The authorconducts comprehensive research into pavilions in comprehensive parksin Shanghai, and extends the research on pavilions to the landscape spaceof pavilions. Because of the limitation of time and materials, the author isnot able to research into other types of parks in Shanghai or to collectuseful feedback information from users of pavilions. More research andwork are needed for further research.