Study On Fire Emergency Rescue Of Extra-Long Undersea Immersed Tube Tunnel

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao (HZM) cross-harbor tunnel is an underwater tunnel in construction of immersed tube method, the tunnel will become the world’s longest udersea immersed tube tunnel. Because of the length, depth, heavy traffic, the possibility and the destructive of fire of the HZM cross-harbour tunnel are both large, and the damage and influence are great. The HZM immersed tube tunnel emergency rescue when immersed tube tunnel is on fire is studied from several aspects such as exhaust ventilation, evacuation, traffic control, fire-fighting and rescue. The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)The HZM immersed tube tunnel safe stopping distance is studied by using numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. On this basis, the HZM immersed tube tunnel fire event classification is put forward combined with its design fire source scale and car fire size, the emergency rescue organizations and its responsibility are established given the HZM immersed tube tunnel specific situation.(2)The concentrated smoke extraction system with one-side exhaust duct is applied to the HZM cross-harbor immersed tube tunnel, which is rare in China. The ventilation and smoke exhaust scheme of different sections and some important parameters such as smoke exhaust rate, induced velocity, and the number of exhaust vent are put forward.(3)By the use of numerical simulation, the RSET and ASET of different circumstances when tunnel is on fire are obtained. By comparative analysis, reasonable security gate spacing of the HZM immersed tube tunnel is worked out. The immersed tube tunnel gate wind speed and air output are solved through the establishment of fluid mechanics equations.(4)The schemes of traffic control, fire-fighting and rescue, medical aid when the tunnel is on fire are studied. On the basis of the special emergency plan, the immersed tube tunnel fires events overall response process and recovery process are put forward.The research results of this dissertation can provide technical support to the HZM immersed tube tunnel fire emergency rescue and provide reference to similar immersed tube tunnel emergency rescue when the fire occurred.