Research On Regulation Policies Of Groundwater Pollution In China

Water is the source of life, and groundwater is an important part of water resources. In China, groundwater accounts for 1/3 of the total water resources. There are 400 cities exploiting underground water among 655 cities nationally. Forty percent of arable land partially or totally rely on groundwater for irrigation. Water-deficient area accounts for 52% in the north. More seriously, some northern cities basically rely on groundwater to meet all the demand for water. In fact,90% of the groundwater subject to different degrees of pollution, and the provisions relating to the protection of our groundwater is mostly principled terms, lack of operability in practice. In addition, China is carrying out the construction of ecological civilization, and severe groundwater pollution is contrary to it.Based on the above considerations, the paper describes the major practical reasons and reasons of groundwater pollution regulatory policies, analyze the existing problems in the process of regulation, and try to put forward targeted recommendations.Firstly, this paper elaborated the reasons of regulatory policies about groundwater pollution, including laws, regulations and regulatory regimes. The study found that the laws and regulations of groundwater contamination is imperfect, groundwater monitoring and evaluation system is not complete, and regulatory responsibilities are not clear. All of these is an important cause of groundwater pollution.Secondly, through the game analysis among the central government, local governments and enterprises, this paper found that promotion incentives and fiscal decentralization is the deep cause of groundwater pollution, which producing the instinct motivation of collusion. As for collusion, local government would decline standards of environmental regulation, cover up illegal sewage behavior, so as to weaken the authority of the government, increase the cost of social stability. Therefore, this article attempts to construct prevention mechanism about groundwater contamination. And this study found that the main reasons for the failure of preventive mechanism included the following aspects: the central government’s excessive regulatory costs, local government preference for short-term behavior, so heavy corporate tax burden and the fourth partly disable supervision.Finally, this article proposes the following four suggestions: improving groundwater pollution control regulations, strengthening prevention and regulatory system, improving evaluation system of groundwater and optimizing the system of government performance evaluation.The innovation of this paper are the following two points: first, this article demonstrated that the conspiracy of local government and enterprise is the deep cause of groundwater pollution; second, using a theoretical model of preventing collusion contract put forward proposals to optimize regulatory policies on groundwater pollution.