Content Variation Of Three Kinds Of Active Components In Different Picking Period Of Allium Victorialis L. And Functional Studies

With the improvement of people’s diet quality and the change of living habits and styles, hyperlipidemia has become an important disease posing threat to people’s health. People ever relied largely on western medicines for treatment; but due to the appearance of their side and toxic effects in long-term use, people pay more attention to natural drugs. There are rich wild Allium Victorialis L. resources in Jilin province where the climate is unique. Allium Victorialis L. grown in Jilin has strong flavour, and its active components have significant pharmacological effects, which is a rare kind of green health food and called "food of ganoderma lucidum". In recent years, many domestic and foreign scholars have analysed the ingredients and researched the pharmacological effects of Allium Victorialis L., providing valuable advices for people’s diet. Allium Victorialis L. as a medicinal and edible vegetable is bound to become people’s favourite. In this paper, Allium Victorialis L. was selected as main material to analyse the content changes of flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides in it. Then the decoction of bulbs and leaves- two divided parts from the whole plant of Allium Victorialis L. picked in different periods were prepared for the investigation of blood lipids reducing and anti-inflammatory effects. And the bacteriostatic effect of different extracts were also investigated. This paper aimed at finding out the picking time of Allium Victorialis L. when its functional contents are most and pharmacological effects are best, in order to provide the basis for the development and utilization of natural drugs on blood lipids reducing, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Experiment results were as follows:1、In the experiments of extraction and content determination of three funtional components, the contents of flavonoids in bulbs and leaves of Allium Victorialis L. picked in late July were highest, respectively 4.85mg/g and 9.77mg/g; bulbs of late July and leaves of early August contained polysaccharides most, respectively 56.91 mg/g and 37.25 mg/g;bulbs of late August and leaves of early July contained saponins most, respectively 10.8 mg/g and 11.3 mg/g.2、In the animal experiment of Allium Victorialis L. decoction on reducing blood lipids, the contents of TC, TG, HDL-L and LDL-L in mice serum and T-SOD、MDA and GSH in liver tissues were measured. Results showed that Allium Victorialis L. decoction could increase the contents of TC, TG, HDL-L, T-SOD and GSH, decrease the contents of LDL-L and MDA, which had a good effect of reducing blood lipids; especially that picked in late July worked best, and there were no significant differences between bulbs part and leaves part.3、In the animal experiment of Allium Victorialis L. decoction on anti-inflammation, bulbs of late July and early August had the optimal anti-inflammatory effects, the inhibition rate respectively reached 26% and 26%. Leaves of late June, late July and late August worked best, the inhibition rate respectively reached 22%, 23% and 22%. Comparing Allium Victorialis L. bulbs and leaves two different plant parts, the decoction of bulbs had a better anti-inflammatory effect than that of leaves.4、In the bacteriostatic experiment of extracts from Allium Victorialis L., water extracts had no inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, had a good inhibitory effect on Bacillus cereus and Salmonella; the bacteriostatic circle diameter of bulbs water extracts were respectively 10.93 mm and 9 mm, of leaves water extracts were respectively 11.30 mm 8.53 mm. Alcohol extracts had no inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, but have less effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and has better effect on Bacillus cereus and Salmonella; especially best on Bacillus cereus, the bacteriostatic circle diameter of bulbs and leaves alcohol extracts were respectively 14 mm and 14.36 mm.