Research On Causes And Countermeasures Of The Rural Domestic Sewage Problem Raised By Floating Population

In the process of economic development and urbanization, floating population are attracted to and accumulate in large cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and so on, owing to the aboundant employment opportunities. The specific industrial structure and distribution of Shanghai has resulted in the influx of floating population transferred from the central area to remote suburbs. In remote suburbs, especially rural area, the environmental management is weak, and the level of the supply of green infrastructure and other public good is relatively low, while the scale of floating people there surges. All these resulted in the environmental problems, especially domestic sewage problems.With the Logistic regression and other quantitative methods, the future population scale including floating population scale of Shanghai is predicted in this dissertation, and the fectors that drive this growth trend are analyzed. Furthermore, the rural area of Songjiang, Shanghai has been taken as a case study in this dissertation. Based on the study of the floating population in Songjiang in terms of population structure, education level, mode of living and the interaction with local economic structure, I find that the employment overpopulation in secondary industry and the employment underpopulation in tertiary industry coexist in Songjiang. Floating population are mostly engaged in labor-intensive manufacturing and processing industries and low-end service industries, and it’s difficult for them to switch to tertiary industry because their lack of necessary knowledge and training. To improve the management of floating population, namely to internalize the externalities of environmental problems is the key to solve the domestic sewage problems in Songjiang. Also, the shortage of rural public good supply, especially green infrastructure supply accounts for the deterioration of environmental problems. There’re systematical defects in rural public good supply and it calls for reforms.Countermeasures are carried out and discussed in this dissertation and there’re mainly four perspectives involved. First, rural communities should be regarded as basic units of environmental management; second, reinforcing floating population’s vocational training and encouraging community service industry; third, taking the actual permanent population density as a key factor to decide the government investment in public infrastructure; last but not least, clarifying the responsibilities and fiscal power of governments at all levels.